Hardcore rock

Hardcore punk
Minor Threat performing in 1981
Stylistic origins	Punk rock
Cultural origins	Late 1970s, Southern California,Washington, D.C.,San Francisco,Vancouver
Typical instruments	Vocals electric guitar bass guitar drums
Derivative forms	Alternative metal Alternative rock black metal death metal emo grunge noise rock post-hardcore screamo skate punk speed metal street punk thrash metal
Subgenres
Christian hardcore D-beat melodic hardcore powerviolence thrashcore heavy hardcore (complete list)
Fusion genres
Crust punk crossover thrash deathcore digital hardcore grindcore jazzcore metalcore Nintendocore skacore sludge metal
Regional scenes
Australia Brazil Canada Italy Japan Sweden (Umeå) United States
Local scenes
Boston California (Southern California) Chicago Detroit Minneapolis New Jersey New York Philadelphia Washington, D.C.
Other topics
Anarcho-punk DIY ethic extreme metal hatecore hardcore hip hop hardcore techno hardcore skinhead hardline horror punk moshing Oi! positive hardcore punk subculture straight edge youth crew

Hardcore punk (often abbreviated to hardcore) is a punk rock music genre and subculture that originated in the late 1970s. It is generally faster, harder, and more aggressive than other forms of punk rock. Its roots can be traced to earlier punk scenes in San Francisco and Southern California which arose as a reaction against the still predominant hippie cultural climate of the time. It was also inspired by New York punk rock and early proto-punk. New York punk had a harder-edged sound than its San Francisco counterpart, featuring anti-art expressions of masculine anger, energy and subversive humor. Hardcore punk generally disavows commercialism, the established music industry and "anything similar to the characteristics of mainstream rock" and often addresses social and political topics with "confrontational, politically-charged lyrics".

Hardcore sprouted underground scenes across the United States in the early 1980s, particularly in Washington, D.C., New York, New Jersey, and Boston—as well as in Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom. Hardcore has spawned the straight edge movement and its associated submovements, hardline and youth crew. Hardcore was heavily involved in the rise of the independent record labels in the 1980s and with the DIY ethics in underground music scenes. It has also influenced various music genres that have experienced widespread commercial success, including alternative rock, thrash metal, emo and metalcore.