Haplogroup O-K18

Haplogroup O-K18
Possible time of origin	28,500 [95% CI 26,200 <-> 30,900] years before present
Coalescence age	22,200 [95% CI 20,000 <-> 24,400] years before present
Ancestor	O-P31
Descendants	O-CTS10887, O-PK4
Defining mutations	K18, F1888/M1356, M1307/K19, M1446, plus 63 other SNPs

Haplogroup O-M95
Possible time of origin	12,400 [95% CI 10,900 <-> 14,000] years before present
Coalescence age	10,900 [95% CI 9,700 <-> 12,200] years before present
Ancestor	O-K18 > O-PK4
Descendants	O-CTS10007, O-M1283, O-F4212, O-CTS10484, O-CTS7399, O-M111
Defining mutations	M95, F1931/M1362, F1358/M1318, CTS11761/M1487, F987/M1300, M1449, Y14250/Z23640, CTS9030/M1429, M1311, M1452, F709, M1458, CTS10977/M1474, FGC29889/Z23644/Y9045, F2176/M1376, FGC19660/Y9046, F2917/M1436, F4233/M1404, F2254/M1383, M1335, M1373
Highest frequencies	Nicobarese, Shompen, Bonda, Juang, Gadaba, Birhor, Lamet, Korku, Ho

In genetics, Haplogroup O-K18 is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup O-K18 is a descendant branch of Haplogroup O-P31. It is best known for the high frequency of its O-M95 subclade among populations of Southeast Asia and among speakers of Austroasiatic languages in South Asia.

Haplogroup O-K18 is distributed widely in Asia, from southern India to the Altai Mountains and Central Asia in the west, and from Indonesia to northern China and Japan in the east. It is found only at marginally low frequencies of approximately 1% at the periphery of its distribution in southern India, Central Asia, northern China, and Japan, but many populations within the vast intervening territory in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and southern China display a greatly elevated frequency of Haplogroup O-K18 Y-chromosomes. Haplogroup O-M122, which attains its peak frequency among the Sino-Tibetan and Hmong–Mien peoples of China and Southeast Asia, and Haplogroup O-M119, which predominates among Taiwanese aborigines and many populations of the Philippines, also generally occur among speakers of Austroasiatic languages in South China and the Indochinese Peninsula, but usually at much lower frequencies than Haplogroup O-M95.

According to the National Geographic project regarding O-M95: The Austro-Asiatic language family developed in groups containing men from this lineage. As these groups spread across Southeast Asia in successive waves, they spread their language. Today, the distribution of men from this lineage matches the pattern of these waves of migration. It is 42 percent of male lineages in Java, 40 percent of male lineages in Vietnam, and 38 percent of male lineages in Borneo. It accounts for 28 percent of the male population in Malaysia. It is present in Sumatra in about 14 percent of the male population. In mainland China, it is, on average, about 3 percent of the male population. In South Asia, it is 9 percent of the Pardhan, between 1 and 2 percent of the Andh, and 10 percent of the Naikpod. It is around 59 percent of Balinese male lineages.

...
Wikipedia