HMGB1

HMGB1
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2LY4, 2RTU, 2YRQ
Identifiers
Aliases	HMGB1, HMG1, HMG3, SBP-1, HMG-1, high mobility group box 1
External IDs	HomoloGene: 110676 GeneCards: HMGB1
Gene ontology Molecular function • transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding • bubble DNA binding • DNA polymerase binding • repressing transcription factor binding • C-X-C chemokine binding • transcription factor binding • phosphatidylserine binding • lipopolysaccharide binding • lyase activity • single-stranded DNA binding • damaged DNA binding • protein binding • DNA binding, bending • supercoiled DNA binding • DNA binding • four-way junction DNA binding • RAGE receptor binding • chemoattractant activity • double-stranded DNA binding • cytokine activity • RNA binding Cellular component • cytoplasm • endosome • membrane • transcriptional repressor complex • extracellular region • nucleus • cell surface • plasma membrane • nucleoplasm • chromosome • condensed chromosome • endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment • extracellular space • secretory granule lumen • ficolin-1-rich granule lumen Biological process • T-helper 1 cell activation • apoptotic DNA fragmentation • adaptive immune response • regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • positive regulation of DNA ligation • positive regulation of JNK cascade • cellular response to DNA damage stimulus • apoptotic cell clearance • positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process • positive regulation of toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway • negative regulation of RNA polymerase II transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly • positive regulation of dendritic cell differentiation • positive regulation of DNA binding • neuron projection development • positive regulation of interleukin-6 secretion • negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration • positive regulation of interleukin-12 production • positive regulation of monocyte chemotaxis • tumor necrosis factor secretion • activation of innate immune response • DNA ligation involved in DNA repair • innate immune response • inflammatory response • DNA repair • positive regulation of MAPK cascade • positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation • DNA geometric change • DNA recombination • inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus • positive regulation of interleukin-10 production • immune system process • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • regulation of restriction endodeoxyribonuclease activity • chemotaxis • positive regulation of mismatch repair • negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation • negative regulation of interferon-gamma production • positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration • T-helper 1 cell differentiation • dendritic cell chemotaxis • autophagy • neutrophil clearance • positive regulation of interleukin-1 secretion • V(D)J recombination • positive regulation of apoptotic process • DNA topological change • positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • regulation of autophagy • regulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell • positive chemotaxis • regulation of tolerance induction • myeloid dendritic cell activation • toll-like receptor signaling pathway • neutrophil degranulation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	3146	n/a
Ensembl	ENSG00000189403	n/a
UniProt	P09429	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001313892 NM_001313893 NM_002128	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001300821 NP_001300822 NP_002119 NP_001300821.1 NP_001300822.1 NP_002119.1	n/a
Location (UCSC)	Chr 13: 30.46 – 30.62 Mb	n/a
PubMed search		n/a

2LY4, 2RTU, 2YRQ

3146

n/a

ENSG00000189403

n/a

P09429

n/a

NM_001313892
NM_001313893
NM_002128

n/a

NP_002119.1

n/a

High mobility group box 1 protein, also known as high-mobility group protein 1 (HMG-1) and amphoterin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMGB1 gene.

HMG-1 belongs to high mobility group and contains HMG-box domain.

Like the histones, HMGB1 is among the most important chromatin proteins. In the nucleus HMGB1 interacts with nucleosomes, transcription factors, and histones. This nuclear protein organizes the DNA and regulates transcription. After binding, HMGB1 bends.DNA, which facilitates the binding of other proteins. HMGB1 supports transcription of many genes in interactions with many transcription factors. It also interacts with nucleosomes to loosen packed DNA and remodel the chromatin. Contact with core histones changes the structure of nucleosomes.

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