Gvardeysk
| Gvardeysk (English) Гвардейск (Russian) |
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 Central square in Gvardeysk |
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.svg) Location of Kaliningrad Oblast in Russia |
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 Gvardeysk
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| Administrative status (as of December 2013) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Kaliningrad Oblast |
| Administrative district | Gvardeysky District |
| Town of district significance | Gvardeysk |
| Administrative center of | Gvardeysky District, town of district significance of Gvardeysk |
| Municipal status (as of May 2014) | |
| Urban okrug | Gvardeysky Urban Okrug |
| Administrative center of | Gvardeysky Urban Okrug |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 13,899 inhabitants |
| Time zone | USZ1 (UTC+02:00) |
| First documented | 1254 |
| Town status since | 1722 |
| Previous names |
Tapiow, Tapiau (until 1946) |
| Postal code(s) | 238210 |
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Gvardeysk (Russian: Гвардейск; IPA: [ɡvɐrˈdʲejsk]), known prior to 1946 by its German name 
Tapiau (Lithuanian: Tepliava/Tepliuva; Polish: Tapiawa/Tapiewo), is a town and the administrative center of Gvardeysky District in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Pregolya River 38 kilometers (24 mi) east of Kaliningrad, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 13,899 (2010 Census);14,572 (2002 Census);11,904 (1989 Census).
Peter of Dusburg wrote of a settlement known as Tapiow, first documented in 1254, and the neighboring fort Surgurbi built by 1265. The Old Prussian names were derived from the words tape, teplu, toplu, tapi, meaning "warm", and sur garbis, meaning "around the mountain". During the 13th century Prussian Crusade, the area was conquered by the Teutonic Knights. To protect Samland from the Nadruvians and Scalvians, the crusaders built a wooden fort between the Deime and Pregel Rivers in 1283–1290. This was replaced by Tapiau Castle, a stone Ordensburg, in 1351.
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