Guizhou, China
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Guizhou Province 贵州省 |
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|---|---|
| Province | |
| Name transcription(s) | |
| • Chinese | 贵州省 (Guìzhōu Shěng) |
| • Abbreviation | GZ / or (pinyin: Qián or Guì) |
.svg) Map showing the location of Guizhou Province |
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| Coordinates: 26°50′N 106°50′E / 26.833°N 106.833°ECoordinates: 26°50′N 106°50′E / 26.833°N 106.833°E | |
| Named for | Gui - Gui Mountains zhou (prefecture) |
| Capital (and largest city) |
Guiyang |
| Divisions | 9 prefectures, 88 counties, 1539 townships |
| Government | |
| • Secretary | Sun Zhigang |
| • Governor | Shen Yiqin |
| Area | |
| • Total | 176,167 km2 (68,018 sq mi) |
| Area rank | 16th |
| Population (2010) | |
| • Total | 34,746,468 |
| • Rank | 19th |
| • Density | 200/km2 (510/sq mi) |
| • Density rank | 18th |
| Demographics | |
| • Ethnic composition |
Han - 62% Miao - 12% Buyei - 8% Dong - 5% Tujia - 4% Yi - 2% Undistinguished - 2% Gelao - 2% Sui - 1% |
| • Languages and dialects | Southwestern Mandarin |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-52 |
| GDP (2014) |
CNY 1.17 trillion USD 151 billion (26th) |
| • per capita |
CNY 26,400 USD 4,300 (31st) |
| HDI (2010) | 0.598 (medium) (30th) |
| Website |
http://www.gzgov.gov.cn (Simplified Chinese) |
| Guizhou | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Traditional Chinese | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Postal | Kweichow | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Guìzhōu |
| Bopomofo | ㄍㄨㄟˋ ㄓㄡ |
| Gwoyeu Romatzyh | Gueyjou |
| Wade–Giles | Kuei4-chou1 |
| IPA | [kwêi ʈʂóu] |
| Wu | |
| Romanization | Kwae-tseu |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | Gwai-jāu |
| IPA | [kʷɐ̄i.tsɐ́u] |
| Jyutping | Gwai3-zau1 |
| Southern Min | |
| Hokkien POJ | Kùi-chiu |
Guizhou is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the southwestern part of the country. Its capital city is Guiyang. Guizhou is a relatively poor and economically undeveloped province, but rich in natural, cultural and environmental resources. Demographically it is one of China's most diverse provinces. Minority groups such as the Miao and Yao account for more than 37% of the population.
The area was first organized as an administrative region of a Chinese empire under the Tang, when it was named Juzhou (), pronounced Kjú-jyuw in the Middle Chinese of the period. During the Mongolian Yuan dynasty, the character (ju, "carpenter's square") was changed to the more refined (gui, "precious or expensive"). The region formally became a province in 1413, with an eponymous capital then also called "Guizhou" but now known as Guiyang.
From around 1046 BCE to the emergence of the Qin Dynasty, northwest Guizhou was part of the State of Shu. During the Warring States period, the Chinese state of Chu conquered the area, and control later passed to the Dian Kingdom. During the Chinese Han Dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE), to which the Dian was tributary, Guizhou was home to the Yelang collection of tribes, which largely governed themselves before the Han consolidated control in the southwest and established the Lingnan province. During the Three Kingdoms period, parts of Guizhou were governed by the Shu Han state based in Sichuan, followed by Cao Wei (220–265) and the Jin Dynasty (265–420).
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