Gudipati Venkatachalam
| Gudipati Venkata Chalam | |
|---|---|
| Born |
Gudipati Venkata Chalam May 19, 1894 Madras (now called Chennai), India |
| Died | May 4, 1979 (aged 84) Arunachala, India |
| Years active | 1920–1972 |
| Spouse(s) | Ramanakumari |
Gudipati Venkata Chalam aka Chalam (1894–1979), a Telugu writer and philosopher, was one of the most influential personalities in modern Telugu literature.
Most of his writings were regarding women, especially the kind of difficulties women encounter—physical as well as psychological—in society, from their families and from those with whom they are close. Chalam discussed how he believed women should face these problems. The themes philosophical tinge of his writings blended with a distinctive style which would earn for him an enviable place in the Telugu literary world.
Much that is known about Chalam’s childhood comes from his 1972 autobiography titled Chalam. In it, he vividly mentions how he suffered beatings from his father and how his mother, residing at her parents’ home even after having been married and starting a family with her husband, had to face a flurry of insults. Chalam brazenly puts across why he wrote his autobiography in its foreword:
"I hate autobiographies. By writing an autobiography, I am admitting to myself and indirectly telling everybody that I am an important person, I made lots of good things to help people and society and if I do not tell the world about myself, there is great loss to the world and by not knowing about me, the world is losing something. For a person like me who always thinks and wonders, "Why was I born? And OK, I was born but why I did not die immediately without polluting my surroundings? Writing an autobiography and telling my story shamelessly is not a matter to be excused [...]"
Known more widely as "Chalam"', Gudipati Venkata Chalam was born on 18 May 1894 in Chennai in India. His mother was Venkata Subbamma and his father was Kommuri Sambasivarao. In his childhood, his maternal grandfather adopted him and his surname was changed to "Gudipati" from "Kommuri". He used to practice Hindu rituals very religiously. Before he completing, he had committed himself to an exhaustive study of Hindu epics as well as Hindu doctrinal teachings. The way his father abused his mother made an indelible impression on his young mind. Besides this, the manner in which his sister "Ammmanni" (Venkata Ramanamma, Dulla) was coerced into an arranged marriage against her will also made him concentrate on the difficulties that women faced in society.
Chalam joined Pithapuram Maharaja College in 1911. At that time, he was attracted by the preachings of Raghupati Venkata Ratnam Naidu—a social reformer and founder of the Brahma Samaj in Andhra. Chalam went to Chennai to study for his Bachelor of Arts. Before joining the college, he was married to Chitti Ranganayakamma. While studying for his degree in Chennai, he got his wife admitted into a convent for her education and he used to drop her at school on his bicycle. This was a spectacle for the people to see -a husband dropping off the wife on his cycle. Chalam stopped wearing the sacred thread (Yagnopaveetham), started eating non-vegetarian food (Brahmins were strict vegetarians) and he used to mingle with all castes. This infuriated all his relatives and more so his father-in-law. His father-in-law banished him from entering his house. By that time, Chalam's wife's age was merely 13. When his mother-in-law died, Chalam and his friends were not allowed in his father-in-law's the house for the funeral, and they were served food outside.
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