Greater Somalia

Greater Somalia (Somali: Soomaaliweyn, Arabic: الصومال الكبير‎‎) refers to those regions in the Horn of Africa in which ethnic Somalis are and have historically lived. The territory encompasses Somalia, eastern Djibouti, the Somali region and Dire Dawa (collectively known as the Ogaden) in Ethiopia and the Garissa, Wajir and Mandera Counties in Kenya.

Since the beginning of the 20th century the concept of "Greater Somalia" started to be developed with the birth of the nation of Somalia, as a united country inhabited by all the Somali clans in their "Horn of Africa" areas. Pan-Somalism refers to the vision of reunifying these areas to form a single Somali nation. The pursuit of this goal has led to conflict: Somalia engaged after World War II in the Ogaden War with Ethiopia over the Ogaden region, and supported Somali insurgents against Kenya.

Italians occupied the Benadir in 1890 and soon started to enlarge their Somalia italiana (Italian Somaliland): they created their colony in the first years of the 20th century from Cape Guardafui to the Juba river.

During World War I, Britain secretly reached an agreement with Italy to transfer to the Italians 94,050 square kilometers of the Jubaland protectorate, which was situated in present-day southwestern Somalia. This was Italy's reward for allying itself with Britain in its war against Germany. The treaty was honored, and in 1924, Britain ceded Jubaland.

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