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Graphium (butterfly)

Graphium
Graphium macleayanus.jpg
Macleay's swallowtail (Graphium macleayanus)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Papilionidae
Tribe:
Genus: Graphium
Scopoli, 1777
Species

More than 100; see text

Synonyms
  • Zelima Fabricius, 1807
  • Arisbe Hübner, [1819]
  • Idaides Hübner, [1819]
  • Zetides Hübner, [1819]
  • Ailus Billberg, 1820
  • Chlorisses Swainson, [1832]
  • Semicudati Koch, 1860
  • Pathysa Reakirt, [1865]
  • Dalchina Moore, [1881]
  • Paranticopsis Wood-Mason & de Nicéville, 1887
  • Pazala Moore, 1888
  • Deoris Moore, [1903]
  • Klinzigia Niculescu, 1977 (nec Lehrer, 1970)
  • Klinzigiana Niculescu, 1989
  • Eurypyleana Niculescu, 1989
  • Macfarlaneana Niculescu, 1989
  • Munroana Niculescu, 1989
  • Wallaceana Niculescu, 1989

More than 100; see text

Graphium is a genus of mostly tropical swallowtail butterflies commonly known as swordtails, kite swallowtails, or ladies. Native to Eurasia, Africa, and Oceania, the genus is represented by over 100 species. Their colouration is as variable as the habitats they frequent; from rainforest to savannah. Some possess tails which may be long and swordlike, while others lack any hindwing extensions. Graphium species are often sighted at mud puddles.

The more colourful species are popular with collectors and are commonly seen mounted in frames for sale. Well-known species include the tailed jay (Graphium agamemnon), common bluebottle (G. sarpedon), and the purple-spotted swallowtail (G. weiskei). One species, G. idaeoides, is notable for being a perfect mimic of the danainid Idea leuconoe.

Larvae feed variously on Annonaceae (most commonly), Magnoliaceae (commonly), Lauraceae (commonly), Rutaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Bombacaceae, Piperaceae, Anacardiaceae, Apocynaceae, Malpighiaceae, Hernandiaceae, Guttiferae, Monimiaceae, Pandanaceae, Winteraceae, and Euphorbiaceae.


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