Graffigny-Chemin
| Graffigny-Chemin | |
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| Commune | |
 Graffigny-Chemin
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Location within Grand Est region
Graffigny-Chemin
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| Coordinates: 48°10′10″N 5°37′45″E / 48.1694°N 5.6292°ECoordinates: 48°10′10″N 5°37′45″E / 48.1694°N 5.6292°E | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Grand Est |
| Department | Haute-Marne |
| Arrondissement | Chaumont |
| Canton | Poissons |
| Intercommunality | Communauté de communes du Bourmontais |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2001–2008) | Michel Renaut |
| Area1 | 17.27 km2 (6.67 sq mi) |
| Population (1999)2 | 212 |
| • Density | 12/km2 (32/sq mi) |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 52227 /52150 |
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1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once. |
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1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
Graffigny-Chemin is a commune in the Haute-Marne department in north-eastern France.
A small village of 232 inhabitants, 6 kilometres east of Bourmont, 6 kilometres west of the A31 Highway, 20 kilometres south of Neufchateau and 6 kilometres north of Chaumont-la-Ville. Historically, it is placed in the région of Lorraine, which gradually came under French sovereignty between 1737 and 1766.
During the First World War, soldiers of the Second American Infantry Division, headquartered in nearby Bourmont, were billeted here.
In World War II, Graffigny-Chemin saw little action due to its relative isolation. However, in the early hours of the night of July 23, 1944 a British Royal Air Force Stirling aircraft belonging to 190 squadron crashed there. The aircraft was heading for a drop zone close to Joinville (about 30 miles to the north east of Graffigny) but had become lost after passing through a severe electric storm in the Troyes area. Whilst trying to fix its position at low altitude and in very poor visibility, the aircraft hit the high ground known as la montagne close to Graffigny.
Five airmen and eight British soldiers from the Special Air Service (SAS) regiment died in the crash and are buried in the local cemetery. There were three survivors. The SAS soldiers were from a reconnaissance party for an SAS operation (Operation Rupert) intended to attack German lines of communication to the Normandy front in the St Dizier area. In addition to the troops the aircraft was carrying explosives, weapons, food and money to supply the French resistance forces.
The aircraft's navigator - Canadian Flying Officer Joseph Vinet - was cared for at Ferme Des Noyers by a Madame Phillips who lived in the nearby village of Brainville with her three children. Madame Phillips was married to an Englishman serving in the RAF but was stranded in Brainville following the fall of France in 1940. The SAS survivor Englishman Private Rex Boreham was cared for by Madame Dauvoin and her daughter Bernadette in Graffigny. After being examined by the Bourmont doctor - Dr Boin - Boreham and Vinet were given up to the authorities later that day because of the severity of their wounds. They spent six weeks in a military hospital in Chaumont before being sent to Germany where they were imprisoned for the remainder of the war. Both men were treated well by the German occupation forces in accordance with the Geneva Convention.
The third survivor, Canadian Flight Sergeant Paul Bell,the aircraft's rear gunner, was slightly wounded and spent the next ten days in the nearby village of Soulacourt recovering from his wounds. Flight Sergeant Bell set off with Tom Hervel - the flight Engineer of a Lancaster bomber which crashed nearby a week later - for Switzerland. However, before reaching Switzerland they were liberated by advancing Allied troops and sent to Italy. They eventually made their way home via Algeria and Morocco arriving back in the UK the following September. Flight Sergeant Bell was killed the following March when his aircraft, returning from a training flight, was shot down close to its base in the UK by a German aircraft.
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Wikipedia