Gnevny-class destroyer

Class overview
Soviet Destroyer Bditelnyy
Operators:	Soviet Navy People's Liberation Army Navy
Succeeded by:	Ognevoy class
Subclasses:	Soobrazitelnyy class
Built:	1935–1942
In service:	1938–1990
Planned:	36
Completed:	30
Cancelled:	6
Lost:	7
Retired:	23
General characteristics
Type:	Destroyer
Displacement:	1,612 tonnes (1,587 long tons; 1,777 short tons) (standard) 2,039 tonnes (2,007 long tons; 2,248 short tons) (full load)
Length:	112.8 m (370 ft 1 in)
Beam:	10.2 m (33 ft 6 in)
Draught:	4.8 m (15 ft 9 in)
Propulsion:	2-shaft GTZA-24 geared steam turbines 3 watertube boilers 50,500 shp (37,700 kW) (trials)
Speed:	39.37 knots (72.91 km/h; 45.31 mph) (trials)
Endurance:	2,640 nmi (4,890 km) at 19.83 knots (37 km/h)
Complement:	197 (236 wartime)
Sensors and processing systems:	Arktur hydrophone
Armament:	4 × 1 – 130 mm (5.1 in) B-13 guns 2 × 1 – 76.2 mm (3.00 in) 34-K AA guns 2 × 1 – 45 mm (1.8 in) 21-K AA guns 2 × 1 – 12.7 mm (0.50 in) DK or DShK machine guns 3 × 2 – 533 mm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes 60–95 mines 25 depth charges

The Gnevny class were a group of destroyers built for the Soviet Navy in the late 1930s – early 1940s. They are sometimes known as the Gremyashchiy-class destroyer and the Official Soviet Designation was Project 7. These ships fought in World War II.

In the early 1930s the Soviets felt able to restart construction of fleet destroyers and forty-eight ships were ordered under the second Five-Year Plan.

The design was produced with Italian assistance despite ideological differences between the Soviets and Fascist Italy. They resembled contemporary destroyers built in Italy for the Greek and Turkish navies.

They suffered from some of the same weaknesses of contemporary Italian ships with structural weakness and limited seaworthiness. There were also significant machinery problems in the earliest ships. The design flaws were apparent after trials of the first units in 1936/37 and production stopped after 30 ships. A modified design was then placed into production as the Type 7U.

Four surviving ships from the Pacific Fleet were transferred to the People's Liberation Army Navy and served as the Anshan-class destroyers.

All the Pacific Fleet ships were built by Dalzavod, Komsomolsk na Amure and towed to Vladivostok for fitting out due to the shallow depth of the Amur River. One unit, Reshitelny (i), was lost by stranding on passage 7 November 1938, being damaged beyond repair. The material for these ships was assembled in Nikolayev and then shipped east via the Trans-Siberian railway.

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