Globodera tabacum
| Globodera tabacum | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Nematoda |
| Class: | Chromadorea |
| Order: | Rhabditida |
| Family: | Heteroderidae |
| Subfamily: | Heteroderinae |
| Genus: | Globodera |
| Species: | G. tabacum |
| Binomial name | |
|
Globodera tabacum Lownsbery and Lownsbery, (1954) |
|
(1954)
Globodera tabacum, commonly known as a tobacco cyst nematode, is a plant parasitic nematode that mainly infests the tobacco plant, but also plants in Solanaceae family.
The tobacco cyst nematode, Globodera tabacum, is a serious and important soil borne parasite of the shade and broadleaf tobacco. The most important host plant for this nematode is tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L), but other hosts include tomato, eggplant and closely related solanaceous weeds. This species of nematodes was first discovered in Hazardville, Connecticut in the 1950s. Nematode infection of the tobacco root system causes dramatic stunting, yield loss and decreases leaf quality.
Globodera subspecies are distributed as follows (older data): Globodera tabacum tabacum – Connecticut and Massachusetts. Globodera tabacum solanacearum - Virginia and North Carolina. Globodera tabacum virginiae – Virginia, Mexico and Central America. As of 1998, Globodera tabacum tabacum has been reported in Canada as well.
Head has four head annules, lip region is well developed, oral disk is present and the entire head region is heavily sclerotized. The stylet has three rounded knobs while tail is pointy and rounded at the very tip. There are total of six lips, four large and two small.
The tobacco cyst nematode is a sedentary semi-endoparasite of the roots. Its feeding site and feeding patterns are typical of the genus Globodera. Nurse cell is a multinucleate syncytium. Tobacco cyst nematode causes significant damage on tobacco root system mainly by intracellular migration. This damage is caused both by mechanical penetration as well as with the enzyme secretions. Syncytium is formed in pericycle and endodermal cells of the plant. Unlike root-knot nematodes, the tobacco cyst nematode does not form feeding tubes enveloped in an endoplasmatic reticulum. Due to lack of enzymes that cause hypetrophy and hyperplasia, there is no galling observed.
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Wikipedia