Giorgio Almirante
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The Honourable Giorgio Almirante |
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| President of the Italian Social Movement | |
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In office January 24, 1988 – May 22, 1988 |
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| Preceded by | Nino Tripodi |
| Succeeded by | Alfredo Pazzaglia |
| Secretary of the Italian Social Movement | |
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In office June 29, 1969 – December 13, 1987 |
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| Preceded by | Arturo Michelini |
| Succeeded by | Gianfranco Fini |
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In office June 15, 1947 – January 15, 1950 |
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| Preceded by | Giacinto Trevisonno |
| Succeeded by | Augusto De Marsanich |
| Member of the European Parliament for Southern Italy |
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In office July 17, 1979 – May 22, 1988 |
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Member of Chamber of Deputies for Rome |
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In office May 8, 1948 – May 22, 1988 |
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| Personal details | |
| Born |
June 27, 1914 Salsomaggiore Terme, Emilia-Romagna, Italy |
| Died | May 22, 1988 (aged 73) Rome, Lazio, Italy |
| Nationality | Italian |
| Political party |
National Fascist Party (1930s–1943) Republican Fascist Party (1943–1945) Italian Social Movement (1946–1988) |
| Spouse(s) | Gabriella Magnatti (1930s–1969; divorced) Assunta Almirante (1969–1988; his death) |
| Children | Giuliana De' Medici Rita Almirante |
| Parents |
Mario Almirante Rita Armaroli |
| Occupation | Journalist, politician |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |
 Italian Social Republic (1943–1945) |
| Service/branch |
 National Republican Guard
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| Years of service | 1943–1945 |
| Rank | Capomanipolo |
| Battles/wars | |
Giorgio Almirante (27 June 1914 – 22 May 1988) was an Italian politician, the founder and leader of the neo-fascist Italian Social Movement until his retirement in 1987.
Almirante was born at Salsomaggiore Terme, in Emilia Romagna, but his parents were Molisian with noble ancestry. He spent his childhood following his parents, who worked in the theatre, in Turin and Rome. Here he studied under Giovanni Gentile, the then pre-eminent pro-fascist philosopher. He graduated in Literature in 1937.
Almirante trained as a schoolteacher, but went to work writing for the Rome-based fascist journal Il Tevere. A minor figure in the National Fascist Party, whose chief claim to fame was a venomous polemic with Julius Evola on how fascism was to be implemented (he maintained the materialistic view or "biological" view, while his opponent preferred a more "spiritual" take on the matter). In this respect he was influenced by the journalist Telesio Interlandi, who was his ideological mentor. A journalist by profession, Almirante wrote extensively for Interlandi's journal La difesa della razza. Almirante also helped to organise the Italian Social Republic (RSI), being appointed Chief of Cabinet of the Minister of Culture in 1944.
Following the defeat of fascism Almirante was indicted on charges that he ordered the shooting of partisans in 1944, although a general amnesty saw this lifted. He fled Italy after the war but returned in 1946 to set up his own small fascist group. It was quickly absorbed into the Italian Social Movement (MSI), which was set up the same year. Almirante was chosen as leader of the new party in part because of his low profile, as the higher-ranking members of the fascist regime involved in the MSI opted instead to take on behind the scenes roles. Representing a radical faction within the party, Almirante's group lost ground as more moderate elements gained influence in the party; this tendency soon gained the upper hand, forcing Almirante to give way to Augusto De Marsanich as leader in 1950. He had intimated his support for the Europe a nation ideas prevalent at the time but failed to convince the party to take a position against De Marsanich's pro-NATO policy.
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