Gelug
| Gelug | |||||||||
| Tibetan name | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tibetan | དགེ་ལུགས་པ | ||||||||
|
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| Chinese name | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 格魯派 / 黃教 / 新噶當派 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 格鲁派 / 黄教 / 新噶当派 | ||||||||
|
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Wylie | dge lugs pa |
| Tibetan Pinyin | Gêlug |
| Lhasa IPA | [ɡèluʔ] |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Gélǔ Pài / Huáng Jiào / Xīn Gádāng Pài |
The Gelug, Gelug-pa, dGe Lugs Pa, dge-lugs-pa or Dgelugspa is the newest of the schools of Tibetan Buddhism. It was founded by Je Tsongkhapa (1357–1419), a philosopher and Tibetan religious leader. The first monastery he established was named Ganden, and to this day the Ganden Tripa is the nominal head of the school, though its most influential figure is the Dalai Lama. Allying themselves with the Mongols as a powerful patron, the Gelug emerged as the pre-eminent Buddhist school in Tibet since the end of the 16th century.
"Ganden" is the Tibetan rendition of the Sanskrit name "Tushita", the Pure land associated with Maitreya Buddha. At first, Tsongkhapa's school was called "Ganden Choluk" meaning "the Spiritual Lineage of Ganden". By taking the first syllable of 'Ganden' and the second of 'Choluk' this was abbreviated to "Galuk" and then modified to the more easily pronounced "Gelug".
The Gelug school was founded by Je Tsongkhapa. A great admirer of the Kadam school, Tsongkhapa was a promoter of the Kadam emphasis on the Mahayana principle of universal compassion as the fundamental spiritual orientation. He combined this with extensive writings on Madhyamaka and Nagarjuna's philosophy of Śūnyatā (emptiness) that, in many ways, marked a turning point in the history of philosophy in Tibet.
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