Galician Soviet Socialist Republic
| Galician Soviet Socialist Republic | ||||||||||||
| Galitskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika | ||||||||||||
| Puppet state of Soviet Russia | ||||||||||||
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| Capital | Ternopil | |||||||||||
| Government | Revolutionary Committee (provisional) | |||||||||||
| Chairman | Volodymyr Zatonsky | |||||||||||
| Historical era | Interwar period | |||||||||||
| • | Established | July 15, 1920 | ||||||||||
| • | Disestablished | September 21, 1920 | ||||||||||
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| Today part of |
 Ukraine
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The Galician Soviet Socialist Republic (Galician SSR) was a self declared and short lived political entity that existed from July 15 to September 21, 1920. The communist state was established during a successful counter offensive of the Red Army in the summer of 1920 as part of the Polish-Soviet War and in course of which the Polish-Ukrainian joint military force (Polish Ukrainian Front) was forced to retreat from its positions along Dnieper that it secured earlier in 1920 all the way to the foothills of Carpathian Mountains.
The republic became a buffer zone of the ongoing conflict within the area of the South-Western front of the Red Army. Due to the successful offensive in July of 1920, the Soviet government also created the Polrevkom and had intentions to create the Polish Socialist Soviet Republic. A similar, but less elaborate activity, of communist Polrewkom, was related to the North-Western front of the Red Army (the "government" was seated in Białystok).
The Galician SSR was established on July 15, 1920 when the Galician Revolutionary Committee (Halrevkom), a provisional government headed by Volodymyr Zatonsky (Vladimir Zatonsky) and created on July 8 in Kiev under auspices of Communist Party of Ukraine, issued its declaration.
The communist government moved to Tarnopol (today Ternopil) in East Galicia on 1 August 1920 upon occupation of region by the Red Army. The same day The Halrevkom adopted a decree "About establishing of Soviet power in Galicia". The national languages (of equal status) were declared to be Polish, Ukrainian and Yiddish. With its decrees the communist government abolished private property on means of production, established an eight-hour work day, separated church from state and nationalised church estates, established a single labour school with seven year education as well as nationalised the land. By the end of August the Halrevkom tried to conduct elections to establish permanent Soviet government and convene the All-Galician congress of Soviets.
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