Göran (Georg) Rothman (30 November 1739, in Husebybruk, Småland, Sweden – 3 December 1778, in ), was a Swedish naturalist, physician and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus.
His father, Johan Stensson Rothman, was a teacher of Logic and Physics at a grammar school in Växjö, the same school that Carl von Linne attended. Their good relationship dated back to that period. Göran Rothman studied at Uppsala University from 1757 and graduated under Carl von Linne. On 27 May 1763 he defended a dissertation on the disease Raphania (ergotism), thought by Linnaeus to be caused by eating bread from freshly harvested grain and wrongly ascribed to the presence of seed of Raphanus raphanistrum L., the common radish.
In 1765 he carried out research on the Åland Islands and from 1773 to 1776 in Libya and Tunisia. On his return he practised as physician in .
He was notable for his translations of Voltaire (1694–1778) and Alexander Pope (1688–1744) into Swedish. The plant genus Rothmannia was named after him by his friend, the Swedish botanist Carl Peter Thunberg. This botanist is denoted by the author abbreviation Rothman when citing a botanical name.