Fusiform gyrus
| Fusiform gyrus | |
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Medial surface of left cerebral hemisphere. (Fusiform gyrus shown in orange)
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Medial surface of right cerebral hemisphere. (Fusiform gyrus visible near bottom)
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| Details | |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | gyrus fusiformis |
| NeuroNames | hier-121 |
| NeuroLex ID | Fusiform Gyrus |
| TA | A14.1.09.227 |
| FMA | 61908 |
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Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
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The fusiform gyrus, also known as the (discontinuous) occipitotemporal gyrus, is part of the temporal lobe and occipital lobe in Brodmann area 37. The gyrus is located between the lingual gyrus and parahippocampal gyrus above, and the inferior temporal gyrus below. Though the functionality of the fusiform gyrus is not fully understood, it has been linked with various neural pathways related to recognition. Additionally, it has been linked to various neurological phenomena such as synesthesia, dyslexia, and prosopagnosia.
Anatomically, the fusiform gyrus is the largest macro-anatomical structure within the ventral temporal cortex, which mainly includes structures involved in high-level vision. The term fusiform gyrus (lit. „spindle-shaped convolution“) refers to the fact that the shape of the gyrus is wider at its centre than at its ends. This term is based on the description of the gyrus by Emil Huschke in 1854. (see also section on history). The fusiform gyrus is situated at the basal surface of the temporal and occipital lobes and is delineated by the collateral sulcus (CoS) and occipitotemporal sulcus (OTS), respectively. The OTS separates the fusiform gyrus from the inferior temporal gyrus (localted laterally in respect to the fusiform gyrus) and the CoS separates the fusiform gyrus from the parahippocampal gyrus (located medially in respect to the fusiform gyrus).
The fusiform gyrus can be further delineated into a lateral and medial portion, as it is separated in its middle by the relatively shallow mid-fusiform sulcus (MFS). Thus, the lateral fusiform gyrus is delineated by the OTS laterally and the MFS medially. Likewise, the medial fusiform gyrus is delineated by the MFS laterally and the CoS medially.
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