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Friedrich III, German Emperor

Frederick III
Friedrich 3º.jpg
German Emperor; King of Prussia
Reign 9 March 1888 – 15 June 1888
Predecessor Wilhelm I
Successor Wilhelm II
Chancellor Otto von Bismarck
Born (1831-10-18)18 October 1831
New Palace, Potsdam, Prussia
Died 15 June 1888(1888-06-15) (aged 56)
New Palace, Potsdam, Prussia, German Empire
Burial 18 June 1888
Friedenskirche, Potsdam, Prussia, German Empire
Spouse Victoria, Princess Royal
Issue Wilhelm II, German Emperor
Charlotte, Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen
Prince Henry of Prussia
Prince Sigismund of Prussia
Viktoria, Princess Adolf of Schaumburg-Lippe
Prince Waldemar of Prussia
Sophia, Queen of the Hellenes
Margaret, Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel
Full name
Friedrich Wilhelm Nikolaus Karl
House Hohenzollern
Father Wilhelm I, German Emperor
Mother Augusta of Saxe-Weimar
Religion Lutheranism
Full name
Friedrich Wilhelm Nikolaus Karl
Monarchical styles of
German Emperor Frederick III, King of Prussia
Wappen Deutsches Reich - Reichsadler 1889.svg
Reference style His Imperial and Royal Majesty
Spoken style Your Imperial and Royal Majesty
Alternative style Sire

Frederick III (German: Friedrich III., Deutscher Kaiser und König von Preußen; 18 October 1831 – 15 June 1888) was German Emperor and King of Prussia for ninety-nine days in 1888, the Year of the Three Emperors. Friedrich Wilhelm Nikolaus Karl, known informally as "Fritz", was the only son of Emperor Wilhelm I and was raised in his family's tradition of military service. Although celebrated as a young man for his leadership and successes during the Second Schleswig, Austro-Prussian and Franco-Prussian wars, he nevertheless professed a hatred of warfare and was praised by friends and enemies alike for his humane conduct. Following the unification of Germany in 1871 his father, then King of Prussia, became the German Emperor. Upon Wilhelm's death at the age of ninety on 9 March 1888, the thrones passed to Frederick, who had by then been German Crown Prince for seventeen years and Crown Prince of Prussia for twenty-seven years. Frederick was suffering from cancer of the larynx when he died on 15 June 1888, aged fifty-six, following unsuccessful medical treatments for his condition.

Frederick married Princess Victoria, eldest daughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. The couple were well-matched; their shared liberal ideology led them to seek greater representation for commoners in the government. Frederick, in spite of his conservative militaristic family background, had developed liberal tendencies as a result of his ties with Britain and his studies at the University of Bonn. As the Crown Prince, he often opposed the conservative Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, particularly in speaking out against Bismarck's policy of uniting Germany through force, and in urging that the power of the Chancellorship be curbed. Liberals in both Germany and Britain hoped that as emperor, Frederick III would move to liberalize the German Empire.


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