French battleship Gaulois

Gaulois
History
France
Name:	Gaulois
Namesake:	Gauls
Ordered:	22 January 1895
Builder:	Arsenal de Brest
Laid down:	6 January 1896
Launched:	6 October 1896
Commissioned:	23 October 1899
Struck:	27 December 1916
Fate:	Sunk, 27 December 1916, by UB-47
General characteristics
Class and type:	Charlemagne-class battleship
Displacement:	10,361 t (10,197 long tons) (normal) 11,325 t (11,146 long tons) (deep load)
Length:	117.7 m (386 ft 2 in)
Beam:	20.26 m (66 ft 6 in)
Draught:	8.4 m (27 ft 7 in)
Installed power:	14,220 ihp (10,600 kW) 20 Belleville water-tube boilers
Propulsion:	3 shafts, 3 four-cylinder vertical triple-expansion steam engines
Speed:	18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph)
Range:	3,776 nautical miles (6,990 km; 4,350 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph)
Complement:	668 726 as flagship
Armament:	2 × 2 - 305 mm (12 in) Mle 1893 guns 10 × 1 - 138.6 mm (5.46 in) Mle 1893 guns 8 × 1 - 100 mm (3.9 in) Mle 1893 guns 20 × 1 - 47 mm Mle 1885 Hotchkiss guns 4 × 450 mm (17.7 in) torpedo tubes
Armour:	Belt: 110–320 mm (4.3–12.6 in) Decks: 55–90 mm (2.2–3.5 in) Barbettes: 270 mm (10.6 in) Turrets: 320 mm (12.6 in) Conning tower: 326 mm (12.8 in)

Gaulois was a Charlemagne-class pre-dreadnought battleship built for the French Navy in the mid-1890s. She spent most of her career assigned to the Mediterranean Squadron (Escadre de la Méditerranée). The ship accidentally rammed two other French warships early in her career, although neither was seriously damaged, nor was the ship herself.

When World War I began, she escorted troop convoys from French North Africa to France for a month and a half. Gaulois was ordered to the Dardanelles in November 1914 to guard against a sortie into the Mediterranean by the German battlecruiser SMS Goeben. In 1915, she joined British ships in bombarding Turkish fortifications. She was badly damaged during one such bombardment in March and had to beach herself to avoid sinking. She was refloated and sent to Toulon for permanent repairs. Gaulois returned to the Dardanelles and covered the Allied evacuation in January 1916. On 27 December 1916, she was en route for the Dardanelles after a refit in France when she was torpedoed and sunk by the German submarine UB-47.

Gaulois was 117.7 metres (386 ft 2 in) long overall and had a beam of 20.26 metres (66 ft 6 in). At deep load, she had a draught of 7.4 metres (24 ft 3 in) forward and 8.4 metres (28 ft) aft. She displaced 10,361 metric tons (10,197 long tons) normally, and 11,325 metric tons (11,150 long tons) at deep load.

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