French-Algerian War

Algerian War الثورة الجزائرية Tagrawla Tadzayrit Guerre d'Algérie
Collage of the French war in Algeria
Date 1 November 1954 – 19 March 1962 (7 years, 4 months, 2 weeks and 4 days) Location Algeria Result Military stalemate, FLN political victory, Évian Accords, Algerian Independence, End of the French colonial empire, Collapse of the Fourth French Republic and establishment of the Fifth Republic Territorial changes Independence of Algeria
Belligerents
FLN MNA PCA	France	FAF (1960–61) OAS (1961–62)
Commanders and leaders
Mourad Didouche † Mustapha Benboulaïd † Larbi Ben M'Hidi  Ali La Pointe † Ahmed Zabana  Youcef Zighoud † Benali Boudghène † Bachir Chihani † Ali Mallah † Colonel Amirouche † Saadi Yacef Politicians: Abane Ramdane † Ferhat Abbas Houari Boumedienne Hocine Aït Ahmed Ahmed Ben Bella Krim Belkacem Frantz Fanon Rabah Bitat Mohamed Boudiaf Ali Kafi Ahmed Tewfik El Madani Ahmed Francis Mohamed Khider Benyoucef Benkhedda Abdelhamid Mehri Mohamed Lamine Debaghine Saad Dahlab Mohammed Seddik Benyahia Amar Ouamrane Lakhdar Ben Tobbal Abdelhafid Boussouf Saïd Mohammedi Ibrahim Mazhoudi	Alphonse Djamate (1955–62) Paul Cherrière (1954–55) Henri Lorillot (1955–56) Raoul Salan (1956–58) Jacques Massu (1956–60) Paul Aussaresses Maurice Challe (1958–60) Jean Crepin (1960–61) Fernand Gambiez (1961)	Pierre Lagaillarde Raoul Salan Edmond Jouhaud Jean-Jacques Susini Said Boualam
Strength
300,000 identified 40,000 civilian support	470,000 (maximum reached and maintained from 1956 to 1962) 1.5 million total mobilized more than 90,000 Harkis	3,000 (OAS)
Casualties and losses
141,000–152,863 male FLN soldiers killed including 12,000 internal purges	25,600 dead 30,000–150,000 Harkis killed.	100 dead (OAS) 2,000 jailed (OAS)
300,000 (including 55,000 to 60,000 civilians) Algerian casualities 1 million Europeans forced to flee

The Algerian War, also known as the Algerian War of Independence or the Algerian Revolution (Arabic: الثورة الجزائرية‎‎ Al-thawra Al-Jazaa'iriyya;, Berber: Tagrawla Tadzayrit;, French: Guerre d'Algérie or Révolution algérienne) was a war between France and the Algerian National Liberation Front (French: Front de Libération Nationale – FLN) from 1954 to 1962, which led to Algeria gaining its independence from France. An important decolonization war, it was a complex conflict characterized by guerrilla warfare, maquis fighting, and the use of torture by both sides. The conflict also became a civil war between the different communities and within the communities . The war took place mainly on the territory of Algeria, with repercussions in metropolitan France.

Effectively started by members of the National Liberation Front (FLN) on November 1, 1954, during the Toussaint Rouge ("Red All Saints' Day"), the conflict led to serious political crises in France, causing the fall of the Fourth French Republic (1946–58) replaced by the Fifth Republic with a strengthened Presidency. The brutality of the methods employed by the French forces failed to win hearts and minds in Algeria, alienated support in metropolitan France and discredited French prestige abroad.

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