Frederick III, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg
| Frederick III | |
|---|---|
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| Prince of Salm-Kyrburg | |
| Reign | 1779–1794 |
| Predecessor | Philip Joseph |
| Successor | Frederick IV |
| Born | May 3, 1744 |
| Died | July 23, 1794 Paris, France |
| Burial | Picpus Cemetery, Paris |
| Spouse | Princess Johanna Francesca of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen |
| Issue | Hereditary Prince Frederick Henry Otto Prince Frederick Emmanuel Frederick IV, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg Princess Philippine Friederike |
| Father | Philip Joseph, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg |
| Mother | Princess Maria Theresa of Hornes |
Frederick III, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg (Frederick John Otto Francis Christian Philip; 1744–1794) was the prince of Salm-Kyrburg, Hornes and Overijse, Gemen and Count of Solre-le-Château. He was the eldest son of Philip Joseph, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg and Princess Maria Theresa of Hornes, and he grew up at the French court. Through his mother, the eldest daughter of Maximilian, Prince of Hornes, he inherited all the possessions of the Hornes family. He held the title from 1779 to 1794.
Frederick played an important role as a military leader of the Dutch Republic during the era of the Patriots as a negotiator with the Austrian emperor Joseph II, to dismantle the Barrier treaties 1709-1715. As commander of the Legion of the Rhine (Legioen van de Rijngraaf van Salm), formed by Count of Salm during the Kettle War in 1784, his troops were responsible for the defense of the republic. The troops included eight companies of Hussars, two companies of Jaegers, and six companies of Foot, including sharpshooters. In 1786, Holland employed him to maintain an army, but six months later dismissed his regiment to save money. In Amsterdam a fund was set up to support his troops so that Von Salm, eager to replace the Stadtholder, could remain.
On May 12, 1787 Frederick led the army to Utrecht, to protect the Patriot occupation of the "democratic Eldorado". On the 28 June, he marched to Woerden to capture princess Wilhelmina of Prussia, the wife of the Prince of Orange. Early September 1787, the Gelderse Hunters corps occupied Makkum on the initiative of Court Lambertus van Beyma. When Frederick William II of Prussia invaded the Dutch Republic, Frederick left Utrecht three days later, without giving battle. His regiment retreated through Amsterdam to Weesp, and Frederick endured heavy criticism.
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