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Frederica Louise Wilhelmina of Orange

Princess Louise
Hereditary Princess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Princesslouiseorange ofnetherlands.jpg
Portrait in 1790 probably by Johann Friedrich August Tischbein
Born (1770-11-28)28 November 1770
The Hague
Died 15 October 1819(1819-10-15) (aged 48)
Amsterdam
Spouse Karl Georg August, Hereditary Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Full name
Frederika Luise Wilhelmine
House Orange-Nassau
Father William V, Prince of Orange
Mother Wilhelmina of Prussia
Full name
Frederika Luise Wilhelmine

Princess Frederica Louise Wilhelmina of Orange-Nassau (28 November 1770 – 15 October 1819) was a Hereditary Princess of Brunswick; married 14 October 1790 to Hereditary Prince Charles George August of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1766 – 20 September 1806), son of Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. She was known in the family as "Loulou".

Louise was the daughter of William V, Prince of Orange and Wilhelmina of Prussia. In accordance to the new fashion of childcare in the lat 18th-century, her mother supervised her upbringing personally in contrast to what had previously been the case for children of her class, and she was devoted to her mother and had a close relationship to her her entire life. Louise was educated by her governess Victoire E. Hollard and professor Herman Tollius and instructed in the Dutch language and Dutch religion, though her first language was French, as was the custom for European royalty at the time. She was interested in music, theater and writing, participated in amateur theater and was instructed in music by Johan Colizzi.

Louise was at one point proposed to by the crown prince of Prussia, but the plans were cancelled. In 1789, Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel formally made her a proposal of marriage on behalf of his eldest son and heir, Karl Georg August, Hereditary Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. The marriage was seen as a suitable gesture of gratitude and alliance between the House of Orange and the Duke of Brunswick, who had assisted her parents during the Dutch rebellion in 1787. Louise was not forced to agree, but reportedly, she accepted well aware of the fact that it was very difficult for her to find another spouse of suitable rank and religion.

The wedding was conducted 14 October 1790 in Haag, and the spouse settled in Brunswick. Louise was reportedly homesick in Brunswick, experienced a difficulty to adapt to new customs and missed the more vivid culture life in the Netherlands. She started a correspondence with her mother, her governess and former tutor which is preserved and regarded as an important source of contemporary life at the Brunswick court. Her spouse was born mentally restricted as well as blind and she was reportedly more of a nurse than a spouse to him, who was described as totally dependent of her. In 1791, she commented in a letter in which she expressed no lamentation about the fact that her marriage was childless and rather seemed pleased with it. The fact that the heir of the Duchy had not children and was not expected to have any, resulted in him having to renounce his position as heir to his younger brother. When her parents was forced to flee the Netherlands in 1795, she lost her personal income and became financially dependent on her in-laws.


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