Francisco Bouligny
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Don Francisco Bouligny |
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|---|---|
 |
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| Born |
September 4, 1736 Alicante, Spain |
| Died | November 25, 1800 (aged 64) New Orleans, Louisiana |
| Allegiance |
 Spanish Bourbons Viceroyalty of New Spain Kingdom of Spain
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| Service/branch | Spanish Army |
| Years of service | 1758–1800 |
| Rank | Brigadier general |
| Battles/wars | Louisiana Rebellion American Revolutionary War |
| Spouse(s) | Marie-Louise Le Sénéchal d'Auberville |
| Other work | Acting military governor of Louisiana (1799) |
| Signature |  |
Don Francisco Domingo Joseph Bouligny (/frənˈsɪs.koʊ buːl.əɡˈniː/; 4 September 1736 – 25 November 1800) was a high-ranking military and civilian officer in Spanish Louisiana; he served as lieutenant governor under Bernardo de Gálvez and as acting military governor in 1799. He founded the city of New Iberia in 1779.
Bouligny, called "Frasquito" by his family, was born in 1736 in Alicante, Spain, to Jean (Juan) Bouligny, a successful French merchant, and Marie Paret, who was from Alicante. At the age of 10, he was sent to a boys' school founded by the bishop of Orihuela, from which he graduated in 1750 and joined the family import-export business.
In 1758, Bouligny enlisted in the Spanish army, joining the Regiment of Zamora. A year later, he transferred to the Royal Regiment of Spanish Guards and was commissioned as a lieutenant in the infantry and sent to Havana, Cuba, in 1762. He was stationed there until 1769 when he joined Alejandro O'Reilly's expedition to put down the Louisiana Rebellion. Since Bouligny was fluent in French, he was charged with delivering the Spanish government's messages to the Francophone inhabitants of Louisiana and he acted as an interpreter during the military trial of the rebellion's leaders.
Bouligny was promoted to the rank of brevet captain in the new Louisiana Battalion. In 1772 he was appointed a full captain. In 1775, Bouligny was granted leave to return to Europe to settle family affairs. While in Spain, Bouligny wrote a discourse on the population of New Orleans and Spanish Louisiana (Memoria histórica y política sobre la Luisiana).
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