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Founding Father of Pakistan

Quaid-e-Azam
"Father of Nation"

Muhammad Ali Jinnah
A view of Jinnah's face late in life
1st Governor-General of Pakistan
In office
14 August 1947 – 11 September 1948
Monarch George VI
Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan
Preceded by Position established
Succeeded by Khawaja Nazimuddin
Speaker of the National Assembly
In office
11 August 1947 – 11 September 1948
Deputy Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan
Preceded by Position established
Succeeded by Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan
President of the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan
In office
11 August 1947 – 11 September 1948
Deputy Liaquat Ali Khan
Preceded by Office created
Succeeded by Liaquat Ali Khan
Personal details
Born Mohammedali Jinnahbhai
(1876-12-25)25 December 1876
Karachi, Bombay Presidency, British India (present-day Sindh, Pakistan)
Died 11 September 1948(1948-09-11) (aged 71)
Karachi, Sindh, Dominion of Pakistan (present-day Pakistan)
Resting place Mazar-e-Quaid
Nationality Pakistani
Political party
Spouse(s)
Relations See Jinnah family
Children Dina Wadia (by Rattanbai Petit)
Parents Jinnahbhai Poonja (father)
Mithibai Jinnah (mother)
Alma mater The Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn
Profession
  • Barrister
  • Politician
Signature

Muhammad Ali Jinnah (born Mahomedali Jinnahbhai; 25 December 1876  – 11 September 1948) was a lawyer, politician, and the founder of Pakistan. Jinnah served as leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until Pakistan's independence on 14 August 1947, and then as Pakistan's first Governor-General until his death. He is revered in Pakistan as Quaid-i-Azam (Urdu: قائد اعظم‎; Great Leader) and Baba-i-Qaum (Urdu: بابائے قوم‎; Father of the Nation). His birthday is observed as a national holiday in Pakistan.

Born at Wazir Mansion in Karachi, Jinnah was trained as a barrister at Lincoln's Inn in London. Upon his return to British India, he enrolled at the Bombay High Court, and took an interest in national politics, which eventually replaced his legal practice. Jinnah rose to prominence in the Indian National Congress in the first two decades of the 20th century. In these early years of his political career, Jinnah advocated HinduMuslim unity, helping to shape the 1916 Lucknow Pact between the Congress and the All-India Muslim League, in which Jinnah had also become prominent. Jinnah became a key leader in the All India Home Rule League, and proposed a fourteen-point constitutional reform plan to safeguard the political rights of Muslims. In 1920, however, Jinnah resigned from the Congress when it agreed to follow a campaign of satyagraha, which he regarded as political anarchy.


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