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Fluoroantimonic acid

Fluoroantimonic acid
H2FSbF6.png
Fluoroantimonic acid-3D-balls.png
Names
IUPAC name
Fluoroantimonic acid
Systematic IUPAC name
Fluoranium hexafluorostibanuide
Fluoranium hexafluoridoantimonate(1−)
Identifiers
16950-06-4 N
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
ChemSpider 32741664 N
ECHA InfoCard 100.037.279
EC Number 241-023-8
Properties
H
2SbF
7
Molar mass 256.765
Appearance Colorless liquid
Density 2.885 g/cm3
Solubility SO2ClF, SO2
Acidity (pKa) −25
Basicity (pKb) 39
Hazards
Main hazards Extremely corrosive, Violent hydrolysis
H300, H310, H314, H330, H411
P260, P264, P273, P280, P284, P301+310
R-phrases R26, R29, R35
S-phrases (S1/2), S36/37/39, S45, S53, S60, S61
NFPA 704
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g., water Health code 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g., VX gas Reactivity code 3: Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiating source, must be heated under confinement before initiation, reacts explosively with water, or will detonate if severely shocked. E.g., fluorine Special hazard W: Reacts with water in an unusual or dangerous manner. E.g., cesium, sodiumNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Related compounds
Related acids
Antimony pentafluoride

Hydrogen fluoride
Magic acid
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Hydrogen fluoride
Magic acid

Fluoroantimonic acid (systematically named fluoranium hexafluorostibanuide and fluoranium hexafluoridoantimonate(1−)) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula H
2FSbF
6 (also written H
2F[SbF
6], 2HF·SbF5, or simply HF-SbF5). It is an ionic liquid created by reacting hydrogen fluoride (HF) with antimony pentafluoride (SbF5) in a stoichiometric ratio of 2:1. It is the strongest known superacid, which has been demonstrated to protonate even hydrocarbons to afford pentacoordinate carbocations (which decompose quickly in regular carbocations and H2). Similar acids can be created by using excess antimony pentafluoride.

The reaction to produce fluoroantimonic acid is:

The overall reaction is:

The second reaction is not in equilibrium, therefore the overall reaction is not in equilibrium. The reaction is exothermic.

The F−, produced by autoionization of hydrogen fluoride, reacts with SbF5 to yield the adduct SbF−
6. In the fluoronium ion, hydrogen fluoride is coordinated to the hydrogen ion. The anion is classified as noncoordinating and is both a very weak nucleophile and a very weak base.


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