Fear of a Black Planet | ||||
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Studio album by Public Enemy | ||||
Released | April 10, 1990 | |||
Recorded | June–October 1989 | |||
Studio | Greene St. Recording in New York City, The Music Palace in West Hempstead, Spectrum City Studios in Hempstead | |||
Genre | Hip hop | |||
Length | 63:21 | |||
Label | Def Jam, Columbia | |||
Producer | Chuck D, Eric "Vietnam" Sadler, Hank Shocklee, Keith Shocklee | |||
Public Enemy chronology | ||||
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Singles from Fear of a Black Planet | ||||
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Professional ratings | |
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Review scores | |
Source | Rating |
AllMusic | |
Chicago Tribune | |
Christgau's Consumer Guide | A |
Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
Entertainment Weekly | A− |
NME | 10/10 |
Pitchfork | 10/10 |
Q | |
Rolling Stone | |
The Rolling Stone Album Guide |
Fear of a Black Planet is the third studio album by American hip hop group Public Enemy. It was released on April 10, 1990, by Def Jam Recordings and Columbia Records. For the album, Public Enemy's production team The Bomb Squad sought to expand on the dense, sample-layered sound of the group's 1988 record It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back. Having fulfilled their initial creative ambitions with that album, Public Enemy aspired to create what lead rapper Chuck D called "a deep, complex album". Their songwriting was partly inspired by the controversy surrounding member Professor Griff and his dismissal from the group in 1989.
Fear of a Black Planet features elaborate sound collages that incorporate varying rhythms, numerous samples, media sound bites, and eccentric loops, reflecting the songs' confrontational tone. Recorded during the golden age of hip hop, its assemblage of reconfigured and recontextualized aural sources preceded the sample clearance system that later emerged in the music industry. Fear of a Black Planet explores themes about organization and empowerment within the black community, social issues affecting African Americans, and race relations at the time. The record's criticism of institutional racism, White supremacy, and the power elite was partly inspired by Dr. Frances Cress Welsing's views on color.