Fatali Khan
| Fatali Khan | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1736 Quba Khanate, Afsharid Iran |
| Died | March 29, 1789 Baku, Bibi-Heybat Mosque,Baku Khanate |
Fatali Khan of Quba or Fath Ali-Khan of Quba (Persian: فتحعلیخان قبهای; Azerbaijani: Fətəli xan Qubalı or Fətx Əli-xan Qubalı; 1736 - March 29, 1789) – was a prominent ruler and statestman of the Quba Khanate (1758–1789) of the 18th century. Gaining from his father Huseyngulu Khan a small fate consisting only Quba, Fatali Khan united all adjacent seaside territories around it, establishing an extensive possession which included Derbent, Baku and Shirvan khanates right up to Ardabil in the north of Persia.Ahmad bey Javanshir — author of the 19th century called him “a gatherer of his lands”.
Fatali Khan was born in 1736, into a family of Huseyn Ali Khan of Quba and Peri Jahan-Bike Utsmiyeva. As Isgandar bey Hajinski notes in his sketch, “he was not brought up, he spent his youth as usual as sons of other khans spent it, i.e. in idleness and even once, his father wanted to punish him corporally for his prank, but he hide himself until his father’s anger fade”.
Fatali Khan began to lead Quba khanate in 1758, after his father Huseyn Ali Khan’s death. Immediately, after Huseyn Ali Khan’s death, brother of Shirvan’s Khan Agha-Razi Bey invaded into Bermek mahal of Quba Khanate and carried off 200 families from there. In response, Fatali khan set out to Shirvan and captivated about 400 families and settled them into his possessions (Agha-Razi bey himself died in a struggle near old Shamakhi).
In 1765, Fatali khan conquered Derbent and united Derbent khanate to his possessions with the help of shamkhal, utsmi and Tabasaran’s qadi. Even by then he took a territories on the right coast the Samur River – Mushkur, Niyazoba, Shabran, Rustau, Beshbarmag and also villages of Ulus mahal from Derbent’s khan. Subordinating Derbent, Fatali khan gave a part of lands in Derbent Khanate to rulers of Dagestan as a sign of gratitude: Garadagli, Naburli, Chigi, Azagli, Bebeshli and Bebeli villages of Quba province to shamkhal of Tarki; Malakalil and Derbent provinces to utsmiy and allowed him to levy customs duties in Derbent; to qadi of Tabasaran was given a monetary compensation. Soon Fatali Khan married to Tuti Bike – daughter of Qaytaq utsmiy Amir Hamza. But in his turn, the Khan of Quba refused to marry his sister Khadija Bike to him. Instead he married her to Melik Mahammad Khan – son of Baku’s Khan Mirza Muhammad I. By means of Khadija Bike, who had a hard and masterful character, Fatali Khan subordinated weak-willed Khan of Baku to himself. Thus, he made Baku Khanate in state of dependence from Quba Khanate. As per relations with Amir Hamza, Fatali Khan drove Qaytaq tax collectors from Derbent and took away the village which he presented to utsmiy from him and it worsened contradiction between two rulers.
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