European Parliament election, 2004 (Italy)

Italian election of European Parliament, 2004

← 1999 13 June 2004 2009 →
78 seats to the European Parliament
First party Second party Third party   Leader Romano Prodi Silvio Berlusconi Gianfranco Fini Party The Olive Tree Forza Italia National Alliance Leader since 14 February 2004 26 January 1994 6 July 1991 Last election 32.6% 25.2% – Seats before 28 22 8 Seats won 24 16 9 Seat change 4 6 1 Popular vote 10,105,836 6,806,245 3,736,606 Percentage 31.1% 20.9% 11.5% Swing 1.5% 4.3% –
Major parties in each Province

Elections to the European Parliament were held in Italy on 12 and 13 June 2004.

Italy's highly fragmented party system made it hard to identify an overall trend, but the results were generally seen as a defeat for Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi and a victory for the centre-left opposition coalition identified with Romano Prodi, who was President of the European Commission until 2004, and was widely expected to re-enter Italian politics at the next election.

The common list of The Olive Tree, comprising mainly the Democrats of the Left and Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy became the largest list, with an important psychological effect. However, expectations for this list were originally somewhat larger, and Massimo D'Alema had proclaimed that "If the unity list reaches 33%, the government has to go".

While the Olive Tree's performance was not as phenomenal as it had hoped, the test indicated a somewhat reduced support for the centre-right coalition. However, in European elections, Italians tend to vote in a more candidate-oriented way, giving their vote more easily to a candidate outside their usual party; this generally reduces the significance of these elections.

The pure party-list proportional representation was the traditional electoral system of the Italian Republic since its foundation in 1946, so it had been adopted to elect the Italian representatives to the European Parliament too. Two levels were used: a national level to divide seats between parties, and a constituency level to distribute them between candidates. Italian regions were united in 5 constituencies, each electing a group of deputies. At national level, seats were divided between party lists using the largest remainder method with Hare quota. All seats gained by each party were automatically distributed to their local open lists and their most voted candidates.