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Ethyl ether

Diethyl ether
Skeletal formula
Ball-and-stick model
Diethyl Ether Electron Rendering
Names
IUPAC name
Ethoxyethane
Other names
Diethyl ether; Dether; Ethyl ether; Ethyl oxide; 3-Oxapentane; Ethoxyethane; Diethyl oxide; Solvent ether; Sulfuric ether
Identifiers
60-29-7 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
ChEBI CHEBI:35702 YesY
ChEMBL ChEMBL16264 YesY
ChemSpider 3168 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.425
KEGG D01772 YesY
PubChem 3283
RTECS number KI5775000
UNII 0F5N573A2Y YesY
Properties
C4H10O
Molar mass 74.12 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor pungent, sweetish odor
Density 0.7134 g/cm3, liquid
Melting point −116.3 °C (−177.3 °F; 156.8 K)
Boiling point 34.6 °C (94.3 °F; 307.8 K)
69 g/L (20 °C)
Vapor pressure 440 mmHg (20°C)
-55.1·10−6 cm3/mol
1.353 (20 °C)
Viscosity 0.224 cP (25 °C)
Structure
1.15 D (gas)
Thermochemistry
172.5 J/mol·K
253.5 J/mol·K
-271.2 ± 1.9 kJ/mol
-2732.1 ± 1.9 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
N01AA01 (WHO)
Hazards
Main hazards Extremely Flammable, harmful to skin, decomposes to explosive peroxides in air and light
Safety data sheet See: data page
External MSDS
R-phrases R12 R19 R20/22 R66 R67
S-phrases S9 S16 S29 S33
NFPA 704
Flammability code 4: Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily. Flash point below 23 °C (73 °F). E.g., propane Health code 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g., chloroform Reactivity code 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g., calcium Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Flash point −45 °C (−49 °F; 228 K)
160 °C (320 °F; 433 K)
Explosive limits 1.9-48.0%
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
73,000 ppm (rat, 2 hr)
6500 ppm (mouse, 1.65 hr)
106,000 ppm (rabbit)
76,000 ppm (dog)
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)
TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3)
REL (Recommended)
No established REL
IDLH (Immediate danger)
1900 ppm
Related compounds
Related Ethers
Dimethyl ether
Methoxypropane
Related compounds
Diethyl sulfide
Butanols (isomer)
Supplementary data page
Refractive index (n),
Dielectric constantr), etc.
Thermodynamic
data
Phase behaviour
solid–liquid–gas
UV, IR, NMR, MS
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
YesY  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Diethyl ether or simply ether, is an organic compound in the ether class with the formula (C
2
H
5
)
2
O
. It is a colorless, highly volatile flammable liquid. It is commonly used as a solvent in laboratories and as a starting fluid for some engines. It was formerly used as a general anesthetic, until non-flammable drugs were developed, such as halothane. It has been used as a recreational drug to cause intoxication.

The compound may have been created by either Jābir ibn Hayyān in the 8th century or Ramon Llull in 1275, although there is no contemporary evidence of this. It was first synthesized in 1540 by Valerius Cordus, who called it "sweet oil of vitriol" (oleum dulce vitrioli) — the name reflects the fact that it is obtained by distilling a mixture of ethanol and sulfuric acid (then known as oil of vitriol) — and noted some of its medicinal properties. At about the same time, Paracelsus discovered ether's analgesic properties in chickens. The name ether was given to the substance in 1729 by August Sigmund Frobenius.


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