Ernesto Miranda
| Ernesto Arturo Miranda | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born |
March 9, 1941 Mesa, Arizona, U.S. |
| Died | January 31, 1976 (aged 34) Phoenix, Arizona, U.S. |
| Cause of death | Stabbing |
| Resting place | City of Mesa Cemetery |
| Occupation | Laborer |
| Known for | Miranda warning (Miranda rights) |
| Criminal status | Convicted |
| Conviction(s) | Kidnapping and rape |
Ernesto Arturo Miranda (March 9, 1941 – January 31, 1976) was a laborer whose conviction on kidnapping, rape, and armed robbery charges based on his confession under police interrogation was set aside in the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case Miranda v. Arizona, which ruled that criminal suspects must be informed of their right against self-incrimination and their right to consult with an attorney before being questioned by police. This warning is known as a Miranda warning.
After the Supreme Court decision set aside Miranda's initial conviction, the state of Arizona retried him. At the second trial, with his confession excluded from evidence, he was again convicted.
Ernesto Arturo Miranda was born in Mesa, Arizona, on March 9, 1941. Miranda began getting in trouble when he was in grade school. Shortly after his mother died, his father remarried. Miranda and his father didn't get along very well; he kept his distance from his brothers and stepmother as well. Miranda's first criminal conviction was during his eighth grade year. The following year, he was convicted of burglary and sentenced to a year in reform school.
In 1956, about a month after his release from the reform school, Arizona State Industrial School for Boys (ASISB), he fell afoul of the law once more and was returned to ASISB. Upon his second release from reform school he relocated to Los Angeles (California). Within months of his arrival in LA, Miranda was arrested (but not convicted) on suspicion of armed robbery and for some sex offenses. After two and a half years in custody the 18-year-old Miranda was extradited back to Arizona.
He drifted through the southern U.S. for a few months, spending time in jail in Texas for living on the street without money or a place to live, and was arrested in Nashville (Tennessee) for driving a stolen car. Miranda was sentenced to a year and a day in the federal prison system because he had taken the stolen vehicle across state lines. He spent his sentence in Chillicothe, Ohio and later in Lompoc, California.
The next couple of years Miranda kept out of jail, working at various places, until he became a laborer on the night loading dock for the Phoenix produce company. At that time he started living with Twila Hoffman, a 29-year-old mother of a boy and a girl by another man, from whom she could not afford a divorce.
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