Enrico De Nicola
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Senator for life Enrico De Nicola OMRI |
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| 1st President of Italy | |
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In office 1 January 1948 – 12 May 1948 |
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| Prime Minister | Alcide De Gasperi |
| Preceded by | Umberto II (King of Italy) |
| Succeeded by | Luigi Einaudi |
| Provisional Head of State of Italy | |
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In office 1 July 1946 – 1 January 1948 |
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| Prime Minister | Alcide De Gasperi |
| Preceded by | Alcide De Gasperi |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished |
| President of the Constitutional Court | |
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In office 23 January 1956 – 26 March 1957 |
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| Head of State | Giovanni Gronchi |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Gaetano Azzariti |
| President of the Italian Senate | |
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In office 28 April 1951 – 24 June 1952 |
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| Head of State | Luigi Einaudi |
| Preceded by | Ivanoe Bonomi |
| Succeeded by | Giuseppe Paratore |
| President of the Chamber of Deputies | |
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In office 26 June 1920 – 25 January 1924 |
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| Monarch | Vittorio Emanuele III |
| Preceded by | Vittorio Emanuele Orlando |
| Succeeded by | Alfredo Rocco |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
9 November 1877 Naples, Campania, Kingdom of Italy |
| Died | 1 October 1959 (aged 81) Torre del Greco, Italy |
| Nationality | Italian |
| Political party | Italian Liberal Party |
| Alma mater | Frederick II University |
| Profession | Lawyer |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
| Signature |  |
Enrico De Nicola, OMRI (Italian pronunciation: [enˈriːko de niˈkɔːla]; 9 November 1877 – 1 October 1959) was an Italian jurist, journalist, politician, and provisional Head of State of republican Italy from 1946 to 1948. Afterwards, he became the first President of the Italian Republic on 1 January 1948.
Enrico De Nicola was born in Naples and became famous as one of the most esteemed penal lawyers in Italy. He studied law in the University of Naples, graduating in 1896. As a Liberal he was elected a deputy for the first time in 1909 and, from 1913 to 1921, he filled minor governmental posts until the advent of fascism, when he retired from political life. He served as Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies in the Giolitti government (November 1913-March 1914) and Under-Secretary of State for the Treasury in the Orlando cabinet (January–June 1919). On 26 June 1920, he was elected speaker of the Chamber of Deputies, holding office until January 1924. He was appointed senator by King Victor Emmanuel III in 1929, but he refused to take his seat and never took part in the workings of the Assembly.
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