England, United Kingdom
|
England |
|
|---|---|
 |
|
Location of England (dark green)
– in Europe (green & dark grey) |
|
| Status | Country |
| Capital and largest city |
London 51°30′N 0°7′W / 51.500°N 0.117°WCoordinates: 51°30′N 0°7′W / 51.500°N 0.117°W |
| National language | English |
| Regional languages | Cornish |
| Ethnic groups (2011) | |
| Religion | Church of England |
| Demonym | English |
| Government | Part of a constitutional monarchy |
|
• Monarch
|
Elizabeth II |
| Parliament of the United Kingdom | |
| • House of Commons | 533 MPs (of 650) |
| Legislature | UK Parliament |
| Establishment | |
| 5th–6th century | |
| 10th century | |
| 1 May 1707 | |
| Area | |
|
• Land
|
130,279 km2 (50,301 sq mi) |
| Population | |
|
• 2015 estimate
|
 54,786,300 |
|
• 2011 census
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53,012,456 |
|
• Density
|
420.5/km2 (1,089.1/sq mi) |
| GVA | 2015 estimate |
| • Total | £1.43 trillion |
| • Per capita | £26,159 |
| Currency | Pound sterling (GBP; £) |
| Time zone | Greenwich Mean Time (UTC) |
|
• Summer (DST)
|
British Summer Time (UTC+1) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy (AD) |
| Drives on the | left |
| Calling code | +44 |
| Patron saint | Saint George |
| ISO 3166 code | GB-ENG |
|
|
– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the United Kingdom (green)
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain (which lies in the North Atlantic) in its centre and south; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight.
The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period, but takes its name from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in the 10th century, and since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century, has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world. The English language, the Anglican Church, and English law – the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world – developed in England, and the country's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation.
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