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Enfield rifle

Lee–Enfield
Short Magazine Lee-Enfield Mk 1 (1903) - UK - cal 303 British - Armémuseum.jpg
Short Magazine Lee–Enfield Mk I (1903), Swedish Army Museum, Stockholm.
Type Bolt-action rifle
Place of origin United Kingdom
Service history
In service MLE: 1895–1926
SMLE: 1904–present
Used by See Users
Wars Second Boer War
World War I
Easter Rising
Various Colonial conflicts
Irish War of Independence
Irish Civil War
World War II
Indonesian National Revolution
Indo-Pakistani Wars
Greek Civil War
Malayan Emergency
French Indochina War
Korean War
Arab-Israeli War
Suez Crisis
Border Campaign (Irish Republican Army)
Mau Mau Uprising
Vietnam War
The Troubles
Sino-Indian War
Bangladesh Liberation War
Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
Nepalese Civil War
Afghanistan conflict
Production history
Designer James Paris Lee, RSAF Enfield
Produced MLE: 1895–1904
SMLE: 1904–present
No. built 17,000,000+
Variants See Models/marks
Specifications
Weight 4.19 kg (9.24 lb) (Mk I)
3.96 kg (8.73 lb) (Mk III)
4.11 kg (9.06 lb) (No. 4)
Length MLE: 49.6 in (1,260 mm)
SMLE No. 1 Mk III: 44.57 in (1,132 mm)
SMLE No. 4 Mk I: 44.45 in (1,129 mm)
LEC: 40.6 in (1,030 mm)
SMLE No. 5 Mk I: 39.5 in (1,003 mm)
Barrel length MLE: 30.2 in (767 mm)
SMLE No. 1 Mk III: 25.2 in (640 mm)
SMLE No. 4 Mk I: 25.2 in (640 mm)
LEC: 21.2 in (540 mm)
SMLE No. 5 Mk I: 18.8 in (480 mm)

Cartridge .303 Mk VII SAA Ball
Action Bolt-action
Rate of fire 20–30 aimed shots per minute
Muzzle velocity 744 m/s (2,441 ft/s)
Effective firing range 550 yd (503 m)
Maximum firing range 3,000 yd (2,743 m)
Feed system 10-round magazine, loaded with 5-round charger clips
Sights Sliding ramp rear sights, fixed-post front sights, "dial" long-range volley; telescopic sights on sniper models. Fixed and adjustable aperture sights incorporated onto later variants.
Howard Francis Self-Loading Carbine
Type Carbine
Place of origin United Kingdom
Production history
Designer Howard Francis
Specifications
Weight 3.7 kg (8.2 lb)
Length 812 mm (32.0 in)
Barrel length 324 mm (12.8 in)

Cartridge 7.63×25mm Mauser
Rate of fire Semi-automatic
Feed system 12-round box magazine
Sights Iron sights

The Lee–Enfield is a bolt-action, magazine-fed, repeating rifle that was the main firearm used by the military forces of the British Empire and Commonwealth during the first half of the 20th century. It was the British Army's standard rifle from its official adoption in 1895 until 1957.. It is often referred to as the "SMLE," which is short for "Short Magazine Lee-Enfield.

A redesign of the Lee–Metford (adopted by the British Army in 1888), the Lee–Enfield superseded the earlier Martini–Henry, Martini–Enfield, and Lee–Metford rifles. It featured a ten-round box magazine which was loaded with the .303 British cartridge manually from the top, either one round at a time or by means of five-round chargers. The Lee–Enfield was the standard issue weapon to rifle companies of the British Army and other Commonwealth nations in both the First and Second World Wars (these Commonwealth nations included Australia, New Zealand, Canada, India and South Africa, among others). Although officially replaced in the UK with the L1A1 SLR in 1957, it remained in widespread British service until the early/mid-1960s and the 7.62 mm L42 sniper variant remained in service until the 1990s. As a standard-issue infantry rifle, it is still found in service in the armed forces of some Commonwealth nations, notably with the Bangladesh Police, which makes it the second longest-serving military bolt-action rifle still in official service, after the Mosin–Nagant. The Canadian Rangers reserve unit still use Enfield rifles, with plans to replace the weapons sometime in 2017–2018 with the new Sako-designed Colt C-19. Total production of all Lee–Enfields is estimated at over 17 million rifles.


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