Emperor Jingzong of Liao
| Emperor Jingzong of Liao | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emperor of the Liao dynasty | |||||||||||||
| Reign | 13 March 969 – 13 October 982 | ||||||||||||
| Predecessor | Emperor Muzong | ||||||||||||
| Successor | Emperor Shengzong | ||||||||||||
| Born | Yelü Xian 1 September 948 |
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| Died | 13 October 982 (aged 34) | ||||||||||||
| Empress | Xiao Yanyan | ||||||||||||
| Concubine | Consort Bohai (渤海妃) | ||||||||||||
| Issue |
Yelü Longxu Yelü Longqing Yelü Longyou Yelü Yaoshinu Yelü Guanyinnü Yelü Changshounü Yelü Yanshounü Yelü Shuge |
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| Father | Emperor Shizong | ||||||||||||
| Mother | Xiao Sagezhi | ||||||||||||
| Era dates | |
|---|---|
| Baoning (保寧; 969–979) Qianheng (乾亨; 979–982) |
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| Posthumous name | |
| Xiaocheng Kangjing Huangdi (孝成康靖皇帝) | |
| Temple name | |
| Jingzong |
| Emperor Jingzong of Liao | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 遼景宗 | ||||||
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| Simplified Chinese | 辽景宗 | ||||||
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| Yelü Xian | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 耶律賢 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 耶律贤 | ||||||
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| Xianning (courtesy name) | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 賢寧 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 贤宁 | ||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Liáo Jǐngzōng |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Yēlǚ Xián |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Xiánníng |
Emperor Jingzong of Liao (1 September 948 – 13 October 982), personal name Yelü Xian, courtesy name Xianning, was the fifth emperor of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty.
Yelü Xian succeeded Emperor Muzong in 969 after the latter was murdered by his servants during a hunting trip. He had support from both the Khitan and Han Chinese ruling elites.
Emperor Jingzong made several important contributions to the Liao dynasty. He employed Han Chinese officials in his government, appointing one as the Minister of Southern Affairs and the Duke of Qin. This allowed the government to run more efficiently and sped up the transformation of Khitan society into a feudal society. He cracked down on corruption in the government, firing those who were bribed or incompetent. Emperor Jingzong also accepted criticisms willingly. He stopped hunting frequently after an official made a connection between hunting and Emperor Muzong's death, and Emperor Jingzong began to prepare war against his southern neighbours.
Emperor Jingzong's first conflict with the Northern Song dynasty came with the Song invasion of the Northern Han dynasty. However, the Liao reinforcements were destroyed by a Song army, and Song later destroyed Northern Han. The Song army followed up the victory with an attack on Beijing, the Liao dynasty's southern capital. However, the Liao army completely routed the Song army, with Emperor Taizong of Song fleeing the battlefield. Several battles followed, with a stalemate between the Liao and Song dynasties.
On October 13, 982, Emperor Jingzong died on his way back from a hunting trip.
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Wikipedia