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Emperor Henry III

Henry III
Heinrich III..jpg
Henry with the symbols of rulership attending the consecration of the Stavelot monastery church on 5 June 1040, mid-11th century miniature
Holy Roman Emperor
Reign 25 December 1046 – 5 October 1056
Coronation 25 December 1046
St. Peter's Basilica, Rome
Predecessor Conrad II
Successor Henry IV
King of Germany
(Formally King of the Romans)
Reign 14 April 1028 – 5 October 1056
Coronation 14 April 1028
Aachen Cathedral
Predecessor Conrad II
Successor Henry IV
King of Italy
Reign 4 June 1039 – 5 October 1056
Predecessor Conrad II
Successor Henry IV
King of Burgundy
Reign 4 June 1039 – 5 October 1056
Predecessor Conrad II
Successor Henry IV
Born (1017-10-28)28 October 1017
Died 5 October 1056(1056-10-05) (aged 38)
Bodfeld
Burial Cathedral of Speyer
Spouse Gunhilda of Denmark
Agnes of Poitou
Issue Beatrice I, Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg
Adelaide II, Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Conrad II, Duke of Bavaria
Judith, Queen of Hungary
House Salian Dynasty
Father Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor
Mother Gisela of Swabia
Signum manus (1049)
German royal dynasties
Salian dynasty
Chronology
Conrad II 1024 – 1039
Henry III 1039 – 1056
Henry IV 1056 – 1105
Henry V 1105 – 1125
Family
Family tree of the German monarchs
Succession
Preceded by
Ottonian dynasty
Followed by
Süpplingenburg dynasty

Henry III (28 October 1016 – 5 October 1056), called the Black or the Pious, was a member of the Salian Dynasty of Holy Roman Emperors. He was the eldest son of Conrad II of Germany and Gisela of Swabia. His father made him Duke of Bavaria (as Henry VI) in 1026, after the death of Duke Henry V.

On Easter Day 1028, after his father was crowned Holy Roman Emperor, Henry was elected and crowned King of Germany in the cathedral of Aachen by Pilgrim, Archbishop of Cologne.

After the death of Herman IV, Duke of Swabia in 1038, his father gave him that duchy, as well as the kingdom of Burgundy, which Conrad had inherited in 1033. Upon the death of his father on 4 June 1039, he became sole ruler of the kingdom and was crowned emperor by Pope Clement II in Rome (1046).

Henry's first tutor was Bruno, Bishop of Augsburg. On Bruno's death in 1029, Egilbert, Bishop of Freising, was appointed to take his place. In 1033, at the age of sixteen, Henry came of age and Egilbert was compensated for his services. In 1035, Adalbero, Duke of Carinthia, was deposed by Conrad, but Egilbert convinced Henry to refuse this injustice and the princes of Germany, having legally elected Henry, would not recognise the deposition unless their king did also. Henry, in accordance with his promise to Egilbert, did not consent to his father's act and Conrad, stupefied, fell unconscious after many attempts to turn Henry. Upon recovering, Conrad knelt before his son and exacted the desired consent. Egilbert was penalised dearly by the emperor.


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