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Emirate of Aydin

Principality of Aydin
Aydınoğulları
1308–1426


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Beylik of Aydın's Map during its peak(1315-1375) highlighting:
  Borders under Gazi Mehmed Bey
  Borders after conquests under Umur Bey the Lion
  Byzantine Empire territories
  Other Western Anatolian Beyliks
Black "X" showing Umur Bey's aids
Red "X" showing Umur Bey's raids
Capital Birgi, Selçuk
Languages Turkish
Religion Islam
Government Emirate
History
 •  Collapse of the Sultanate of Rum 1308
 •  Annexation by the Ottoman Empire 1426
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Sultanate of Rum
Ottoman Empire
Today part of  Turkey


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The Aydinids or Aydinid dynasty (Modern Turkish: Aydınoğulları, Aydınoğulları Beyliği), also known as the Principality of Aydin and Beylik of Aydin (Aydın Beyliği ), was one of the Anatolian beyliks and famous for its seaborne raiding.

It is named after its founder Aydınoğlu Mehmed Bey.

Its capital was at first in Birgi, and later in Ayasoluk (present day Selçuk), was one of the frontier principalities established in the 14th century by Oghuz Turks after the decline of Sultanate of Rûm.

The Aydinids also held parts of the port of Smyrna (modern İzmir) all through their rule and all of the port city with intervals. Especially during the reign of Umur Bey, the sons of Aydın were a significant naval power of the time. The naval power of Aydin played a crucial role in the Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347, where Umur allied with John VI Kantakouzenos, but also provoked a Latin response in the form of the Smyrniote crusades, that captured Smyrna from the emirate.

The Beylik was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire for the first time in 1390, and after the passage of Tamerlane in Anatolia in 1402 and the ensuing period of troubles that lasted until 1425, its territories became again part of the Ottoman realm, this time definitively.


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