Edward Douglass White
| Edward White | |
|---|---|
 |
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| 9th Chief Justice of the United States | |
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In office December 19, 1910 – May 19, 1921 |
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| Nominated by | William Taft |
| Preceded by | Melville Fuller |
| Succeeded by | William Taft |
| Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States | |
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In office March 12, 1894 – December 18, 1910 |
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| Nominated by | Grover Cleveland |
| Preceded by | Samuel Blatchford |
| Succeeded by | Willis Van Devanter |
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United States Senator from Louisiana |
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In office March 4, 1891 – March 12, 1894 |
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| Preceded by | James Eustis |
| Succeeded by | Newton Blanchard |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Edward Douglass White, Jr. November 3, 1845 Thibodaux, Louisiana, U.S. |
| Died | May 19, 1921 (aged 75) Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse(s) | Virginia Montgomery Kent |
| Education |
Mount St. Mary's University Georgetown University Tulane University |
Edward Douglass White, Jr. (November 3, 1845 – May 19, 1921), American politician and jurist, was a United States senator, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court and the ninth Chief Justice of the United States, from 1910 to his death in 1921. He was best known for formulating the Rule of Reason standard of antitrust law.
He sided with the Supreme Court majority in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), which upheld the legality of state segregation to provide "separate but equal" public facilities in the United States, despite protections of the Fourteenth Amendment to equal treatment under the law. In one of several challenges to southern states' grandfather clauses, used to disfranchise black voters at the turn of the century, he wrote for a unanimous court in Guinn v. United States (1915), which struck down many Southern states' grandfather clauses.
White was born in 1845 in his parents' plantation house, now known as the Edward Douglass White House, near the town of Thibodauxville (now Thibodaux) in Lafourche Parish in south Louisiana. He was the son of Edward Douglass White, Sr., a former governor of Louisiana, and Catherine Ringgold. He was a grandson of Dr. James White, a U.S. representative, physician, and judge.
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