Edith Frank-Holländer
| Edith Frank | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born |
Edith Holländer 16 January 1900 Aachen, Prussia, German Empire |
| Died | 6 January 1945 (aged 44) Auschwitz concentration camp, Upper Silesia, Nazi Germany |
| Cause of death | Starvation |
| Nationality | German |
| Other names | Abel |
| Known for | wife of Otto, and mother of Margot and Anne Frank |
| Spouse(s) | Otto Frank (1925–1945; her death) |
| Children |
Margot Frank (1926–1945) Anne Frank (1929–1945) |
| Parent(s) | Abraham Holländer (1860–1928; father) Rosa (Stern) Holländer (1866–1942; mother) |
Edith Frank (née Holländer; 16 January 1900 – 6 January 1945) was the mother of Holocaust diarist Anne Frank. She died from starvation at the age of 44, ten days before her 45th birthday.
Edith was the youngest of four children, having been born into a German Jewish family in Aachen, Germany. Her father, Abraham Holländer (1860–1928) was a successful businessman in industrial equipment and was prominent in the Aachen Jewish community as was her mother, Rosa Stern (1866–1942). Her occupation is unknown. Edith had two older brothers, Julius and Walter, and an older sister, Bettina. Bettina died at the age of 16 due to appendicitis when Edith was just 14. Both Julius and Walter made it to the United States, surviving afterwards.
She met Otto Frank in 1924 and they married on his 36th birthday, May 12, 1925, at Aachen's synagogue. They had two daughters born in Frankfurt, Margot, born 16 February 1926, followed by Anne, born 12 June 1929.
The rise of Antisemitism and the introduction of discriminatory laws in Germany forced the family to emigrate to Amsterdam in 1933, where Otto established a branch of his spice and pectin distribution company. Her brothers Walter (1897–1968) and Julius (1894–1967) escaped to the United States in 1938, and Rosa Holländer-Stern left Aachen in 1939 to join the Frank family in Amsterdam.
In 1940 the Nazis invaded the Netherlands and began their persecution of the country's Jews. Edith's children were removed from their schools, and her husband had to resign his business to his Dutch colleagues Johannes Kleiman and Victor Kugler, who helped the family when they went into hiding at the company premises in 1942.
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