The history of literature of the Early Modern period (16th, 17th and partly 18th century literature). Early Modern literature succeeds Medieval literature, and in Europe in particular Renaissance literature.
In Europe, the Early Modern period lasts roughly from 1550 to 1750, spanning the Baroque period and ending with the Age of Enlightenment and the wars of the French Revolution. The Early Modern period in Persia corresponds to the rule of the Safavid dynasty. In Japan, the "Early Modern period" (Edo period) is taken to last down to 1868 (the beginning of Industrialization during the Meiji period), in India, the Mughal era lasts until the establishment of the British Raj in 1857. The Ottoman Empire undergoes various attempts of modernization from 1828 (Tanzimat).
Chinese literature of the Qing dynasty remains mostly unaffected by European influence, and effects of modernization that would lead up to the New Culture Movement become visible only form the Late Qing period in the 1890s.
A new spirit of science and investigation in Europe was part of a general upheaval in human understanding, which began with the discovery of the New world in 1492 and continues through the subsequent centuries, even up to the present day.