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Duke of Monmouth

His Grace
The Duke of Monmouth
KG PC
James Scott, Duke of Monmouth and Buccleuch by William Wissing.jpg
Duke of Monmouth by Willem Wissing
Personal details
Born 9 April 1649
Rotterdam, Dutch Republic
Died 15 July 1685(1685-07-15) (aged 36)
Great Tower Hill, Tower of London, Liberties of the Tower, England
Spouse(s) Anne Scott, 1st Duchess of Buccleuch
Children James Scott, Earl of Dalkeith
Henry Scott, 1st Earl of Deloraine
Parents King Charles II, Lucy Walter
Military service
Allegiance  Kingdom of England
Service/branch  English Army
Years of service 1665–1685
Rank General
Battles/wars Second Anglo-Dutch War
Third Anglo-Dutch War
Franco-Dutch War
Monmouth Rebellion

James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, 1st Duke of Buccleuch, KG, PC (9 April 1649 – 15 July 1685) was an English nobleman. Originally called James Crofts or James Fitzroy, he was born in Rotterdam in the Netherlands, the eldest illegitimate son of Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland and his mistress Lucy Walter.

He served in the Second Anglo-Dutch War and commanded English troops taking part in the Third Anglo-Dutch War before commanding the Anglo-Dutch brigade fighting in the Franco-Dutch War.

In 1685 he led the unsuccessful Monmouth Rebellion, an attempt to depose his uncle, King James II and VII. After one of his officers declared Monmouth the legitimate King in the town of Taunton in Somerset, Monmouth attempted to capitalise on his position as the son of Charles II, and his Protestantism, in opposition to James, who was a Roman Catholic. The rebellion failed, and Monmouth was beheaded for treason on 15 July 1685.

Born in Rotterdam in the Netherlands, to Lucy Walter, and her lover, Charles II (who was living in continental exile following his father's execution), James spent his early life in Schiedam.


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