Drogön Chögyal Phagpa

Drogön Chögyal Phagpa (Tibetan: འགྲོ་མགོན་ཆོས་རྒྱལ་འཕགས་པ་, Wylie: 'gro mgon chos rgyal 'phags pa, 1235 – 15 December 1280), was the fifth leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism. He was also the first Imperial Preceptor of Kublai Khan's Yuan dynasty, division of the Mongol Empire, and was concurrently named the director of the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs. Historical tradition remembers him as the first vice-ruler of Tibet under the Mongol Khagan as well as one of the Five Sakya patriarchs (Tibetan: ས་སྐྱ་གོང་མ་རྣམ་ལྔ་, Wylie: sa skya gong ma rnam lnga). Although this is historically disputed, he played an important political role.

Phagpa was born in Ngari (West Tibet) in 1235 as the son of Sönam Gyeltsen (Tibetan: བསོད་ནམས་རྒྱལ་མཚན་, Wylie: bsod nams rgyal mtshan, 1184-1239), a member of the Khon family (Tibetan: འཁོན་, Wylie: 'khon) which held hereditary power over the Sakya Monastery in the Tsang region, and his mother was Kunga Kyi (Tibetan: ཀུན་དགའ་ཀྱིད་, Wylie: kun dga' kyid). The Red annals name his mother as Jomo Konchog Kyi. He was the nephew of Sakya Pandita (1182-1251), who began the relationship between Sakya and the Mongol conquerors after their first invasion of Tibet in 1240.

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