Donetsk
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Donetsk Донецьк / Донецк |
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Counter-clockwise: Cathedral Transfiguration of Jesus (big image), Donbass Palace, Drama Theatre, Lenin Square, bridge on Ilicha Prospect, Opera Theatre
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 Donetsk
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| Coordinates: 48°00′10″N 37°48′19″E / 48.00278°N 37.80528°ECoordinates: 48°00′10″N 37°48′19″E / 48.00278°N 37.80528°E | |||
| Country |
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| Oblast |
 Donetsk Oblast
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| Municipality |
 Donetsk City |
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| Founded | 1869 | ||
| City rights | 1917 | ||
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| Government | |||
| • Mayor (Holova) | Oleksandr Lukyanchenko | ||
| Area | |||
| • City of regional significance | 358 km2 (138 sq mi) | ||
| Elevation | 169 m (554 ft) | ||
| Population (1 January 2016) | |||
| • City of regional significance | 929,063 | ||
| • Density | 2,600/km2 (6,700/sq mi) | ||
| • Metro | 2,009,700 | ||
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | EET (UTC+3) | ||
| Postal code | 83000 — 83497 | ||
| Area code(s) | +380 622, 623 | ||
| Licence plate | АН | ||
| Sister cities | Bochum, Charleroi, Kutaisi, Pittsburgh, Sheffield, Taranto, Moscow, Vilnius | ||
| Climate | Dfb | ||
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^ Donetsk was founded in 1869 as a workers settlement Yuzovka around the metallurgical factory of Welshman John Hughes. The settlement was established in lands of Yevdokim Shydlovsky who received them upon destruction of the Zaporizhian Sich in 1775. ^ The population of the metropolitan area is from 2004. |
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Donetsk (Ukrainian: Донецьк, pronounced [doˈnɛt͡sʲk], translit. Donets’k; Russian: Доне́цк, tr. Donetsk; IPA: [dɐˈnʲɛtsk]; former names: Aleksandrovka, Yuzovka, Stalino (see also: cities' alternative names)) is an industrial city in Ukraine on the Kalmius River. The population was estimated at 929,063 (2016 est.) in the city, and over 2,000,000 in the metropolitan area (2011). According to the 2001 Ukrainian Census, Donetsk was the fifth-largest city in Ukraine. Since April 2014, the city is controlled by pro-Russian separatists from self-proclaimed "Donetsk People's Republic".
Administratively, it has been the centre of Donetsk Oblast, while historically, it is the unofficial capital and largest city of the larger economic and cultural Donets Basin (Donbass) region. Donetsk is adjacent to another major city of Makiivka and along with other surrounding cities forms a major urban sprawl and conurbation in the region. Donetsk has been a major economic, industrial and scientific centre of Ukraine with a high concentration of companies and a skilled workforce.
The original settlement in the south of the European part of the Russian Empire was first mentioned as Aleksandrovka in 1779, under the Russian Empress Catherine the Great. In 1869, Welsh businessman, John Hughes, built a steel plant and several coal mines in the region; the town was named Yuzovka (Юзовка) in recognition of his role ("Yuz" being a Russian-language approximation of Hughes). During Soviet times, the city's steel industry was expanded. In 1924, it was renamed Stalino, and in 1932 the city became the centre of the Donetsk region. Renamed Donetsk in 1961, the city today remains the centre for coal mining and steel industry. Since April 2014, Donetsk and its surrounding areas have been one of the major sites of fighting in the War in Donbass.
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