Domain of Moor

Mauretania
Tribal Berber kingdoms (3rd century BC-44 BC) Roman Empire province (44 BC-431 AD)
3rd century BC – 431 AD 533–698
Mauretania
Capital		Volubilis Iol / Caesarea
Languages		Berber, Latin
Religion		Roman paganism, local beliefs
Political structure		Tribal Berber kingdoms (3rd century BC-44 BC) Roman Empire province (44 BC-431 AD)
King
•	110–80 BC	Bocchus I
•	25 BC - 23 AD	Juba II
•	23–40 AD	Ptolemy of Mauretania
Historical era		Classical Antiquity
•	Established	before 200 BC
•	client state of the Roman Empire	33 BC
•	Roman province	44 AD
•	Vandal conquest	430s
•	Roman reconquest	533
•	Muslim conquest of the Maghreb	698
Succeeded by Umayyad Caliphate
Today part of		Algeria  Morocco

Mauretania (also spelled Mauritania) is the Latin name for an area of the ancient Maghreb stretching from central Algeria westwards to the atlantic, covering northern Morocco, and southward to the Atlas Mountains. Its native inhabitants, seminomadic pastoralists of Berber stock, were known to the Romans as the Mauri and the Masaesyli.

Beginning in the late 2nd century BC, the kings of Mauretania became Roman vassals until about 44 AD when the area was annexed to Rome and divided into two provinces: Mauretania Tingitana and Mauretania Caesariensis. In the late 3rd century, another province, Mauretania Sitifensis, was formed out of the eastern part of Caesariensis. When the Vandals arrived in Africa in 429, much of Mauretania became virtually independent. Christianity had spread rapidly there in the 4th and 5th centuries but was extinguished when the Arabs conquered the region in the 7th century.

Mauretania existed as a tribal kingdom of the Mauri people. Mauri (Μαῦροι) is recorded as the native name by Strabo in the early 1st century. This appellation was also adopted into Latin, whereas the Greek name for the tribe was Maurusii (Μαυρούσιοι). The Mauri would later bequeath their name to the Moors on the Mediterranean coast of North Africa, from at least the 3rd century BC. The Mediterranean coast of Mauretania had commercial harbours for trade with Carthage since before the 4th century BC, but the interior was controlled by Berber tribes, who had established themselves in the region by the beginning of the Iron Age.

King Atlas was a legendary king of Mauretania credited with the invention of the celestial globe. The first known historical king of the Mauri is Baga, who ruled during the Second Punic War. The Mauri were in close contact with Numidia. Bocchus I (fl. 110 BC) was father-in-law to the redoubted Numidian king Jugurtha.

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Wikipedia