David Janowski
| Dawid Janowski | |
|---|---|
Photograph c. 1910
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| Full name | Dawid Markelowicz Janowski |
| Country |
Russian Empire Poland France |
| Born |
May 25, 1868 Wołkowysk, Grodno Governorate, Russian Empire (modern Vawkavysk, Belarus) |
| Died | 15 January 1927 (aged 58) Hyères, Var, France |
| Peak rating | 2570 (estimated) |
| Peak ranking | 2 |
Dawid Markelowicz Janowski [ˈd̪avʲit̪ ˈmaʁkəlɔvit͡ʂ ˈjanɔfski] (25 May 1868 – 15 January 1927; often spelled David) was a leading Polish chess master and subsequent French citizen.
Born into a Polish family in Wołkowysk, Russian Empire (now Belarus), he settled in Paris around 1890 and began his professional chess career in 1894. He won tournaments in Monte Carlo 1901, Hanover 1902 and tied for first at Vienna 1902 and Barmen 1905. In 1915 he left Europe for the United States and spent the next nine years there before returning to Paris.
Janowski was devastating against the older masters such as Wilhelm Steinitz (+5−2), Mikhail Chigorin (+17−4=4) and Joseph Henry Blackburne (+6−2=2). However, he had minus scores against newer players such as Siegbert Tarrasch (+5−9=3), Frank Marshall (+28−34=18), Akiba Rubinstein (+3−5), Géza Maróczy (+5−10=5) and Carl Schlechter (+13−20=13). He was outclassed by world champions Emanuel Lasker (+4−25=7) and José Raúl Capablanca (+1−9=1), but scored respectably against Alexander Alekhine (+2−4=2). In particular, he was able to beat at least once each of the first four world champions, a feat shared with Siegbert Tarrasch alone.
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