David Bohm

David Bohm
Born	(1917-12-20)December 20, 1917 Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, US
Died	October 27, 1992(1992-10-27) (aged 74) London, England, UK
Citizenship	American Brazilian British
Nationality	American
Fields	Theoretical physics
Institutions	Manhattan Project Princeton University University of São Paulo Technion University of Bristol Birkbeck College, London
Alma mater	Pennsylvania State College California Institute of Technology University of California, Berkeley
Doctoral advisor	Robert Oppenheimer
Doctoral students	Y. Aharonov D. Pines J. Bub H. Bortoft M. Weinstein
Known for	Bohm-diffusion Bohm interpretation De Broglie–Bohm theory Hidden variable theory Bohm quantum potential Aharonov–Bohm effect Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen– Bohm paradox Holographic paradigm Holomovement Holonomic brain theory Bohm dialogue Bohm criterion Nonradiation condition Pilot wave Plasmon Implicate and explicate order Random phase approximation Quantum decoherence Quantum mind
Influences	Albert Einstein Jiddu Krishnamurti
Influenced	John Stewart Bell Peter Senge
Notable awards	1991  Elliott Cresson Medal 1990  Royal Society fellowship

John Stewart Bell

David Joseph Bohm FRS (December 20, 1917 – October 27, 1992) was an American scientist who has been described as one of the most significant theoretical physicists of the 20th century and who contributed unorthodox ideas to quantum theory, neuropsychology and the philosophy of mind.

Bohm advanced the view that quantum physics meant that the old Cartesian model of reality – that there are two kinds of substance, the mental and the physical, that somehow interact – was too limited. To complement it, he developed a mathematical and physical theory of "implicate" and "explicate" order. He also believed that the brain, at the cellular level, works according to the mathematics of some quantum effects, and postulated that thought is distributed and non-localised just as quantum entities are.

Bohm warned of the dangers of rampant reason and technology, advocating instead the need for genuine supportive dialogue, which he claimed could broaden and unify conflicting and troublesome divisions in the social world. In this, his epistemology mirrored his ontology. Due to his youthful Communist affiliations, Bohm was the subject of a federal government investigation in 1949, prompting him to leave the United States. He pursued his scientific career in several countries, becoming first a Brazilian and then a British citizen.

Bohm's main concern was with understanding the nature of reality in general and of consciousness in particular as a coherent whole, which according to Bohm is never static or complete but rather an unfolding process.

Bohm was born in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, United States, to a Hungarian Jewish immigrant father, Samuel Bohm, and a Lithuanian Jewish mother. He was raised mainly by his father, a furniture-store owner and assistant of the local rabbi. Despite being raised in a Jewish family, he became an agnostic in his teenage years. Bohm attended Pennsylvania State College (now Pennsylvania State University), graduating in 1939, and then the California Institute of Technology, for one year. He then transferred to the theoretical physics group directed by Robert Oppenheimer at the University of California, Berkeley, where he obtained his doctorate.

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