John Stewart Bell
| John S. Bell | |
|---|---|
| Born | John Stewart Bell 28 June 1928 Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK |
| Died | 1 October 1990 (aged 62) Geneva, Switzerland |
| Institutions |
Atomic Energy Research Establishment CERN, Stanford University |
| Alma mater |
Queen's University of Belfast (B.S.) University of Birmingham (Ph.D.) |
| Thesis | i. Time reversal in field theory, ii. Some functional methods in field theory. (1956) |
| Doctoral advisor | Rudolph E. Peierls |
| Other academic advisors | Paul Taunton Matthews |
| Known for |
Bell's theorem Bell state Superdeterminism Chiral anomaly Bell's spaceship paradox Quantum entanglement |
| Notable awards |
Heineman Prize (1989) Hughes Medal (1989) Paul Dirac Medal and Prize (1988) |
John Stewart Bell FRS (28 June 1928 – 1 October 1990) was a Northern Irish physicist, and the originator of Bell's theorem, an important theorem in quantum physics regarding hidden variable theories.
John Bell was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Both sides of his family were of Ulster Scots roots. When he was 11 years old, he decided to be a scientist, and at 16 graduated from Belfast Technical High School. Bell then attended the Queen's University of Belfast, and obtained a bachelor's degree in experimental physics in 1948, and one in mathematical physics a year later. He went on to complete a Ph.D. in physics at the University of Birmingham in 1956, specialising in nuclear physics and quantum field theory. In 1954, he married Mary Ross, also a physicist, whom he had met while working on accelerator physics at Malvern, UK. Bell became a vegetarian in his teen years. According to his wife, Bell was an atheist.
Bell's career began with the UK Atomic Energy Research Establishment, near Harwell, Oxfordshire, known as AERE or Harwell Laboratory. After several years he moved to work for the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN, Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire), in Geneva, Switzerland. There he worked almost exclusively on theoretical particle physics and on accelerator design, but found time to pursue a major avocation, investigating the foundations of quantum theory. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1987. Also of significance during his career, Bell, together with John Bradbury Sykes, M. J. Kearsley, and W. H. Reid, translated several volumes of the ten-volume Course of Theoretical Physics of Lev Landau and Evgeny Lifshitz, making these works available to an English-speaking audience in translation, all of which remain in print.
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