Daugava radar

Daryal

Daryal radar in Pechora
Country of origin	Soviet Union, Russia
Introduced	1984
No. built	8 planned, 2 operational
Type	Early-warning radar
Frequency	150–200 MHz (VHF)
Range	Around 6,000 kilometres (3,728 mi)
Diameter	Transmitter 30×40 m Receiver 80×80 m separated by 0.5–1.5 km
Azimuth	90°
Elevation	40°
Other Names	NATO: Pechora GRAU: 5N79, 90N6.

The Daryal-type radar (Russian: Дарьял) (NATO: Pechora) is a Soviet bistatic early-warning radar. It consists of two separate large active phased-array antennas separated by around 500 metres (1,640 ft) to 1.5 kilometres (4,921 ft). The transmitter array is 30 m × 40 m (98 ft × 131 ft) and the receiver is 80 m × 80 m (260 ft × 260 ft) in size. The system is a VHF system operating at a wavelength of 1.5 to 2 meters (150 to 200 MHz). Its initial transmit capacity was 50 MW with a target capacity of 350 MW.

The designer of the radars, RTI Mints, says that each Daryal receiver is 100 × 100 m and has 4,000 cross dipoles. Each transmitter is 40 × 40 m with 1,260 modules, each capable of 300 kW. They say the radar has a range of 6,000 km with targets between 0.1–0.12 m². It can track 20 objects at the same time and can cope with four jamming sources. The designer, Viktor Ivantsov, was awarded the title "Hero of Labour" for his work on the Daryal.

The first Daryal type radar was a active electronically scanned array built at Olenegorsk in 1977. It was the receiver building only and was called a Daugava rather than a Daryal. It used the transmitter of the adjacent Dnestr-M radar. Following this two Daryal radars were constructed in Pechora (1983) and Qabala (1985). New Daryal-U radars were planned for Balkhash-9 near Sary Shagan in Kazakhstan, Mishelevka near Irkutsk and Yeniseysk-15 near Krasnoyarsk in Siberia. Two Daryal-UM systems were to be constructed in Skrunda, Latvia, and Mukachevo, Ukraine.