Dapeng (state)
| State of Great Peng | ||||||||||
| 大彭 | ||||||||||
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| Capital | Qiuwan, Tongshan District | |||||||||
| Religion | Sheji worship | |||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | |||||||||
| Marquis? | Peng Zu (legendary) | |||||||||
| Historical era | Chinese Bronze Age | |||||||||
| • | Established | Unknown | ||||||||
| • | War against Wu Ding | c. 1200 BC | ||||||||
| • | Conquered by Shang dynasty | c. 1060 BC | ||||||||
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| Today part of |
 China
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Dapeng or Great Peng (Chinese: 大彭), also known simply as Peng, was a Chinese Bronze Age state that was centered at Xuzhou and Qiuwan (Tongshan District) in northern Jiangsu. First mentioned on oracle bones dating to the early 11th century BC, Dapeng was a contemporary of the late Shang dynasty, with whom it shared an ambiguous relationship. At times, the two polities were allies and trading partners, but at least on two occasions war broke out among them, eventually leading to Dapeng's destruction by King Di Xin of Shang around 1060 BC.
According to the Spring and Autumn period's Guoyu (Discourses of the States), the Han dynasty's Shiben (Genealogy), and the Tang dynasty's Kuodi Zhi (Record of Geography), Dapeng was founded by Peng Zu (lit. "Ancestor of Peng"), who was made marquis by the kings of the Shang dynasty. After his death, the state declined under his descendants. Due to the lack of contemporary written sources, it remains impossible to verify this information. Archaeological excavations at Qiuwan, likely the kingdom's capital, have shown that the state was under strong Shang influence since the early Yinxu period (c.1400 BC). According to the Warring States period's Yu Gong, the whole Xuzhou area, including Dapeng, regularly sent tribute to the Shang centres in the Central Plain. Major tributary goods included pearls, shells, and rare woods. Archaeological findings seem to corroborate these records, as large quantities of shells have been uncovered from Qiuwan, and the Xuzhou area appears to have served as major trading hub since the 3rd millennium BC.
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