DIO2

DIO2
Identifiers
Aliases	DIO2, 5DII, D2, DIOII, SelY, TXDI2, deiodinase, iodothyronine, type II, iodothyronine deiodinase 2
External IDs	MGI: 1338833 HomoloGene: 621 GeneCards: DIO2
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 14 (human) Band No data available Start 80,197,527 bp End 80,387,757 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 12 (mouse) Band No data available Start 90,724,552 bp End 90,738,438 bp
Gene ontology Molecular function • oxidoreductase activity • selenium binding • thyroxine 5'-deiodinase activity • ubiquitin protein ligase binding Cellular component • integral component of membrane • plasma membrane • membrane Biological process • thyroid hormone metabolic process • thyroid hormone generation • oxidation-reduction process • selenocysteine incorporation • hormone biosynthetic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	1734	13371
Ensembl	ENSG00000211448	ENSMUSG00000007682
UniProt	Q92813	Q9Z1Y9
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_013989 NM_000793 NM_001007023 NM_001242502 NM_001242503 NM_001324462	NM_010050
RefSeq (protein)	NP_000784 NP_001007024 NP_001229431 NP_001229432 NP_001311391 NP_054644	NP_034180
Location (UCSC)	Chr 14: 80.2 – 80.39 Mb	Chr 14: 90.72 – 90.74 Mb
PubMed search

1734

13371

ENSG00000211448

ENSMUSG00000007682

Q92813

Q9Z1Y9

NM_001324462

NM_010050

NP_054644

NP_034180

Type II iodothyronine deiodinase (iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase, iodothyronine 5'-monodeiodinase) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DIO2 gene.

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the iodothyronine deiodinase family. It activates thyroid hormone by converting the prohormone thyroxine (T₄) by outer ring deiodination (ORD) to bioactive 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T₃). It is highly expressed in the thyroid, and may contribute significantly to the relative increase in thyroidal T₃ production in patients with Graves' disease and thyroid adenomas. This protein contains selenocysteine (Sec) residues encoded by the UGA codon, which normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTR of Sec-containing genes have a common stem-loop structure, the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS), which is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon rather than as a stop signal. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.

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