Crumerum

Nyergesújfalu
Seal
Nyergesújfalu Location of Nyergesújfalu
Coordinates: 47°45′24″N 18°32′56″E / 47.75678°N 18.54875°E / 47.75678; 18.54875Coordinates: 47°45′24″N 18°32′56″E / 47.75678°N 18.54875°E / 47.75678; 18.54875
Country	Hungary
County	Komárom-Esztergom
Government
• Mayor	Magdolna Mihelik (Fidesz-KDNP)
Area
• Total	39.51 km2 (15.25 sq mi)
Population (2004)
• Total	7,649
• Density	193.59/km2 (501.4/sq mi)
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code	2536
Area code(s)	33

Nyergesújfalu (German: Sattel-Neudorf) is a town in Komárom-Esztergom county, Hungary, in the Central Transdanubia region.

The city, located near the river Danube, is an ancient site of habitation. It was located on the Crumerum, a major Roman trade and military route. Late-era Romans built a fort here, to help protect the northern border of their empire. The settlement was later overrun by various tribes and, later still, by invaders from the Ottoman Empire. In the periods of warfare the fort was destroyed.

European travelers later noted the fort's ruins; for instance, in the mid-18th century, travel writer Richard Pococke wrote about it. "We saw the ruins of the fort, several Roman bricks and elsewhere foundations that seemed to be Roman." The struggle for freedom in the region in the later 18th century resulted in the destruction of most of the fort. A century later, not even remnant stones were visible.

In the late 18th century Maria Theresa of Austria recruited German farmers to immigrate to the Danube Valley in order to repopulate it and revive agriculture. It had suffered a decline in population during the period of the Ottoman invasion, aggravated by plagues. The Germans came mostly from southern principalities and were Catholic; they were allowed to keep their language and religion, and established predominately German-speaking towns. They translated the town's name to "Sattel- Neudorf".

The church still standing in the middle of Nyergesujfalu was finished in baroque style in 1770, on land granted to its founders by Empress Maria Theresa of Austria. Next to the church is the Salesian secondary school, founded by a religious order. Attila József, a noted 20th-century poet, studied here for a short time.

In the last few centuries, the local "fast riders" made the town's name famous. Simon Kézai wrote about the town in his chronicles, referring to it as "Nyergedszeg." Under differing regimes, it was later changed to "Ujfalu" and, more recently, has been spelled as "Nyergesujfalu."

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Wikipedia