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Croat-Bosniak war

Croat–Bosniak War
Part of the Bosnian War
and Yugoslav Wars
Date 18 October 1992 – 23 February 1994
(1 year, 4 months and 5 days)
Location Bosnia and Herzegovina, particularly Central Bosnia and along the Neretva river.
Result

Washington Agreement

Territorial
changes
Territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina controlled by the Croatian Defence Council drops from 20 percent to 10 percent by the time of the Washington Agreement.
Belligerents
 Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia
 Croatia
Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Commanders and leaders
Croatia Franjo Tuđman
Croatia Gojko Šušak
Croatia Janko Bobetko
Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia Mate Boban
Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia Milivoj Petković
Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia Slobodan Praljak
Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia Ante Roso
Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia Valentin Ćorić
Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina Alija Izetbegović
Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina Sefer Halilović
Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina Rasim Delić
Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina Enver Hadžihasanović
Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina Arif Pašalić
Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina Mehmed Alagić
Strength
40,000–50,000 (1993) 100,000–120,000 (1993)

Washington Agreement

The Croat–Bosniak War was a conflict between the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the self-proclaimed Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia, supported by Croatia, that lasted from 18 October 1992 to 23 February 1994. It is often referred to as a "war within a war" because it was part of the larger Bosnian War. In the beginning, Bosniaks (Bosnian Muslims) and Croats fought in an alliance against the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) and the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS), but by the end of 1992 tensions between them increased. The first armed incidents occurred in October 1992 in central Bosnia between local Croat and Bosniak forces. Their military alliance held out until early 1993 when their cooperation fell apart and the two former allies engaged in open conflict.

The Croat–Bosniak War escalated in central Bosnia and soon spread to Herzegovina, with most of the fighting taking place in those two regions. The Bosniaks were organized in the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH), and Croats in the Croatian Defence Council (HVO). The war generally consisted of sporadic conflicts with numerous ceasefires signed in the course of it. However, it was not an all-out war between the Bosniaks and Croats and they remained allied in other regions. Several peace plans were proposed by the international community during the war, but each of them failed. On 23 February 1994 a ceasefire was reached and an agreement ending the hostilities was signed in Washington on 18 March 1994, by which time the HVO had lost half of its controlled territory. The agreement led to the establishment of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and joint operations against the Serb forces which helped alter the military balance and bring the Bosnian War to an end.


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